Disfaji Rehabilitasyonunda Hemşirenin Rolü

Gizem Özbudak; Serap Özer

Review

Evidence-Based Practices in Dysphagia Rehabilitation

Year 2021, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 86 - 93, 30.06.2021

Gizem Özbudak Serap Özer

Abstract

Dysphagia defined as swallowing disorder or loss of swallowing ability, is caused by lesions in areas of the cerebral cortex associated with swallowing function or problems in neuromuscular transmission. In time, it can lead to complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, and death. Early diagnosis, treatment and effective dysphagia management are required to prevent these negative health consequences. Rehabilitation practices are needed for effective dysphagia management. Various methods and exercises are used in practice for dysphagia rehabilitation, which plays an important role in the recovery of swallowing function. Although the management of dysphagia is multidisciplinary, the team members who have frequent and close contact with the patient and can best observe and define swallowing difficulties are nurses. Nurses contribute to achieving positive health outcomes when they guide the care management process in line with evidence-based practices.
The purpose of this review article; to create awareness by defining the concept and management of dysphagia in nurses, to talk about the benefits of dysphagia rehabilitation with current research findings, to enable nurses to implement evidence-based rehabilitation interventions with multidisciplinary teamwork.

Keywords

Dysphagia, Rehabilitation, Evidence-based practices

References

1. Pede CD, Mantovani ME, Felice AD, Masiero S. Dysphagia in the elderly: focus on rehabilitation strategies. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016;28(4):607-17.
2. Meng P, Zhang S, Wang Q, Wang P, Han C, Gao J, et al. The effect of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation on patients with post-stroke dysphagia. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2018;31(2):363-70.
3. Gao J, Zhang HJ. Effects of chin tuck against resistance exercise versus shaker exercise on dysphagia and psychological state after cerebral infarction. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2017;53(3):426-32.
4. Sun SF, Hsu CW, Lin HS, Sun HP, Chang PH, Hsieh WL, et al. Combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) and traditional swallowing rehabilitation in the treatment of stroke-related dysphagia. Dysphagia. 2013;28:557-66.
5. Fernandez MG, Huckabee ML, Doeltgen SH, Inamoto Y, Kagaya H, Saitoh H. Dysphagia rehabilitation: similarities and differences in three areas of the world. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2013;1(4):296-306.
6. Çopur EÖ, Kuru N, Seyman ÇC. Hemşirelikte Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalara Genel Bakış. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2015;1(2):51-5.
7. McCabe D, Ashford J, Hegland KW, Frymark T, Mullen R, Musson N, et al. Evidence-based systematic review: Oropharyngeal dysphagia behavioral treatments. Part IV—Impact of dysphagia treatment on individuals’ postcancer treatments. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(2):205-14.
8. Hsieh PL, Chen SH. Effectiveness of an evidence-based practice educational ıntervention among school nurses. Int J Environ Res. 2020;17(11).
9. Dudik JM, Kurosu A, Coyle JL, Sejdik E. Dysphagia and its effects on swallowing sounds and vibrations in adults. Biomed Eng Online. 2018;17(69).
10. Bath PM, Lee HS, Everton LF. Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018;10:CD000323.
11. Park YH, Bang HL, Han HR, Chang HK. Dysphagia screening measures for use in nursing homes: A systematic review. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2015;45(1):1-13.
12. Vose A, Nonnenmacher J, Singer ML, Fernandez MG. Dysphagia management in acute and sub-acute stroke. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2014;2(4):197-206.
13. Steele CM. Exercise- based approaches to dysphagia rehabilitation. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2012;72:109-17.
14. Garcia JM, Chambers E. Managing dysphagia through diet modifications. Am J Nurs. 2010;110(11):26-33.
15. Tenekeci EG, Kara B, Çetiz A, Demirkaya Ş, Demir N, Açıkel C. Multipl sklerozda disfaji değerlendirme ölçeği türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Arch Neuropsychiatr. 2016;55:243-7.
16. Chen SC, Huang BS, Chung CY, Lin CY, Fan KH, Chang CT, et al. Effects of a swallowing exercise education program on dysphagia-specific health-related quality of life in oral cavity cancer patients post-treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(8): 2919-28.
17. Jones K, Pitceathly RDS, Rose MR, MCGovan S, Hill M, Badrising UA, et al. Interventions for dysphagia in long-term, progressive muscle disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;2:CD004303.
18. Abubakar SA, Jamoh BY. Dysphagia following acute stroke and ıts effect on short‑term outcome. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2017;24(3):182-6.
19. Frost J, Robinson F, Hibberd J. A comparison of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and traditional therapy, versus traditional therapy in patients with longstanding dysphagia. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;26(3):167-73.
20. Fredslund SV, Høgdal N, Christensen MB, Wessel I. Dysphagia training after head and neck cancer fails to follow legislation and national recommendations. Dan Med J. 2015;62(5):A5067.
21. Clayton NA, Ward EC, Maitz PK. Intensive swallowing and orofacial contracture rehabilitation after severe burn: A pilot study and literature review. Burns. 2017;43(1):e7-e17.
22. Selçuk B. İnmede yutma bozuklukları. Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Derg. 2006;52(Özel Ek B):38-44.
23. Cinel G, Demir N, Özçelik U, Karaduman AA. Çocuklarda yutma disfonksiyonu. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2013;56:89-96.
24. Wang Z, Song WQ, Wang L. Application of noninvasive brain stimulation for post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017;33(2):55-61.
25. Krueger SS, Ringmaier C, Muhle P, Wollbrink A, Kemmling A, Hanning U, et al. Randomized trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for poststroke dysphagia. Ann Neurol. 2018;83(2):328-40.
26. Zhang L, Huang Z, Wu H, Chen W, Huang Z. Effect of swallowing training on dysphagia and depression in postoperative tongue cancer patients. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2014;18:626-9.
27. Hashimato H, Hirata M, Takahaski K, Kameda S, Katsuta Y, Yoshida F, et al. Non-invasive quantification of human swallowing using a simple motion tracking system. Sci Rep. 2018;8:5095.
28. Fedder P. Review of evidenced-based nursing protocols for dysphagia assessment. Stroke. 2017;48(4):99-101.
29. Kang JH, Park RY, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoon SR, Jung KI. The effect of bedside exercise program on stroke patients with dysphagia. Ann Rehab Med. 2012;36(4):512-20.
30. Bahçeci K, Umay E, Gündoğdu İ, Gürçay E, Öztürk E, Alıcura S. The effect of swallowing rehabilitation on quality of life of dysphagic patients with cortical ischemic stroke. Iran J Neurol. 2017;16(4):178-84.
31. Beck AM, Kjaersgaard A, Hansen T, Poulsen I. Systematic review and evidence based recommendations on texture modified foods and thickened liquids for adults (above 17 years) with oropharyngeal dysphagia. An updated clinical guideline. Clin Nutr. 2018;37(6):1980-91.
32. Zheng L, Li Y, Liu Y. The individualized rehabilitation interventions for dysphagia: a multidisciplinary case control study of acute stroke patients. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014;7(10):3789-94.
33. Khoja MA. Registered nurses’ knowledge and care practices regarding patients with dysphagia in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study. Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2018;31(8):896-909.
34. Sproson L, Pownall S, Enderby P, Freeman J. Combined electrical stimulation and exercise for swallow rehabilitation post-stroke: A pilot randomized control trial. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2018;53(2):405-17.
35. Pulia NR, Robbins J. Approaches to the rehabilitation of dysphagia in acute poststroke patients. Semin Speech Lang. 2013;34(3):154-69.
36. Park JS, An DH, Oh DH. Chang MY. Effect of chin tuck against resistance exercise on patients with dysphagia following stroke: A randomized pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2018;42(2):191-7.
37. Umemoto G, Furuya H. Management of dysphagia in patients with parkinson’s disease and related disorders. Int Med. 2020;59(1):7-14.
38. Hien NM, Duc DP. The avant rehabilitation program and cerebrolysin for treatment of post-stroke dysphagia: A case report. J Med Life. 2019;12(3):236-8.
39. Xia W, Zheng C, Zhu S, Tang Z. Does the addition of specific acupuncture to standard swallowing training improve outcomes in patients with dysphagia after stroke? A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehab. 2016;30(3):237-46.
40. Perry A, Lee SH, Cotton S, Kennedy J. Therapeutic exercises for affecting post-treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced-stage head and neck cancers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;8:CD011112.
41. Konency P, Elfmark M. Electrical stimulation of hyoid muscles in post-stroke dysphagia. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacký Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018;162(1):40-2.
42. Chiang CF, Lin MT, Hsiao MY, Yeh YC, Liang YC, Wang TG. Comparative efficacy of noninvasive neurostimulation therapies for acute and subacute poststroke dysphagia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2019;100(4):739-50.
43. Langmore SE, Pisegna JM, Efficacy of exercises to rehabilitate dysphagia: A critique of the literatüre. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2015;17(3):1-8.
44. Li CM, Wang TG, Lee HY, Wang HP, Hsieh SH, Chou M, et al. Swallowing training combined with game-based biofeedback in poststroke dysphagia. PM & R: The Journal Of İnjury, Function, And Rehabilitation. 2016;8(8):773-9.
45. McGinnis CM, Homan K, Solomon M, Taylor J, Staebell K, Erger D. et al. Dysphagia: ınterprofessional management, ımpact, and patient-centered care. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34(1):80-95.
46. Choi JB, Shim SH, Yang JE, Kim HD, Lee DH, Park JS. Effects of shaker exercise in stroke survivors with orophagyngeal dysphagia. NeuroRehabilitation. 2017;41(4):753-7.
47. Cabib C, Ortega O, Kumru H, Palomeras E, Vilardell N, Berdugo DA, et al. Neurorehabilitation strategies for poststroke oropharyngeal dysphagia: from compensation to the recovery of swallowing function. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1380(1):121-38.
48. Kim BW, Kim HJ, Hyun JK, Kim SY, Kim TA. Botulinum toxin ınjection in the treatment of postextubation dysphagia: A Case Report. Ann Rehab Med. 2018;42(2):358-62.
49. Bengisu S, Turan Z. baş boyun kanser cerrahisi uygulanmış hastalarda yutma terapisinin yutma bozukluğu şiddeti ve yaşam kalitesine etkisinin belirlenmesi. Dil, Konuşma ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2019;2(3):300-14.
50. Yakşi E, Kurul R, Avcı Ş, Öğün MN. Disfajik inmeli bireylerde kullanılan kompansatuvar postürün yutma üzerine etkisi. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi. 2018;10(1):61-4.
51. Taylor C. Dysphagia and malnutrition in older adults. Br J Community Nurs. 2019;1;24(Sup7):26-28.
52. Akai M. Approaches to dysphagia rehabilitation. Dysphagia Rehabilitation Manuel. Japan: National rehabilitation center for persons with disabilities, 2015.
53. Cichero J. Scope of practice. Dysphagia Clinical Guideline. Australia: The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited, 2012.
54. Hines S, Kynoch K, Munday J. Identification and nursing management of dysphagia in individuals with acute neurological impairment: A systematic review (new update). JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2014;12(5):195-236.
55. Wells M, King E. Patient adherence to swallowing exercises in head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;25(3):175-81.
56. Omura K, Komine A, Yanagigawa M, Chiba N, Osada M. Frequency and outcome of post-extubation dysphagia using nurse-performed swallowing screening protocol. Nurs Crit Care. 2019;24(2):70-5.
57. Simonelli M, Ruoppolo G, Iosa M, Morone G, Fusco A, Grasso MG, et al. A stimulus for eating. The use of neuromuscular transcutaneous electrical stimulation in patients affected by severe dysphagia after subacute stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial. NeuroRehabilitation. 2019;44(1):103-10.
58. Alankaya N. İnme sonrası yeti yitimi ve rehabilitasyonda hemşirenin rolü. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2019;23(3):195-201.

Disfaji Rehabilitasyonunda Hemşirenin Rolü

Year 2021, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 86 - 93, 30.06.2021

Gizem Özbudak Serap Özer

Abstract

Yutma bozukluğu ya da yutma yeteneğinin kaybolması olarak tanımlanan disfaji, serebral korteksin yutma fonksiyonu ile ilişkili alanlarındaki lezyonlar veya nöromüsküler iletimdeki sorunlar nedeniyle ortaya çıkmaktadır. Zamanla malnütrisyon, dehidratasyon, aspirasyon pnömonisi, hastanede yatış süresinin uzaması gibi komplikasyonlara ve ölüme yol açabilmektedir. Bu olumsuz sağlık sonuçlarının önlenmesi için erken tanı, tedavi ve etkin disfaji yönetimi gerekmektedir. Etkin disfaji yönetimi için de rehabilitasyon uygulamalarına gereksinim bulunmaktadır. Yutma fonksiyonunun iyileşmesinde önemli bir rol oynayan disfaji rehabilitasyonu için uygulamada çeşitli yöntemler ve egzersizler kullanılmaktadır. Disfajinin yönetimi multidisipliner olmakla birlikte, hastayla sık ve yakın temasta bulunan ve yutma güçlüklerini en iyi şekilde gözlemleyebilen ve tanımlayabilen ekip üyeleri hemşirelerdir. Hemşireler kanıta dayalı uygulamalar doğrultusunda bakım yönetimi sürecini yönlendirdiklerinde olumlu sağlık sonuçlarının elde edilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.
Bu derleme makalenin amacı; hemşirelerde disfaji kavramını ve yönetimini tanımlayarak bir farkındalık oluşturmak, güncel araştırma bulguları ile disfaji rehabilitasyonunun yararlarından bahsetmek, hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı rehabilitasyon girişimlerini multidisipliner ekip çalışması ile birlikte uygulamasını sağlamaktır.

Keywords

Disfaji, Rehabilitasyon, Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalar

References

1. Pede CD, Mantovani ME, Felice AD, Masiero S. Dysphagia in the elderly: focus on rehabilitation strategies. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016;28(4):607-17.
2. Meng P, Zhang S, Wang Q, Wang P, Han C, Gao J, et al. The effect of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation on patients with post-stroke dysphagia. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2018;31(2):363-70.
3. Gao J, Zhang HJ. Effects of chin tuck against resistance exercise versus shaker exercise on dysphagia and psychological state after cerebral infarction. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2017;53(3):426-32.
4. Sun SF, Hsu CW, Lin HS, Sun HP, Chang PH, Hsieh WL, et al. Combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) and traditional swallowing rehabilitation in the treatment of stroke-related dysphagia. Dysphagia. 2013;28:557-66.
5. Fernandez MG, Huckabee ML, Doeltgen SH, Inamoto Y, Kagaya H, Saitoh H. Dysphagia rehabilitation: similarities and differences in three areas of the world. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2013;1(4):296-306.
6. Çopur EÖ, Kuru N, Seyman ÇC. Hemşirelikte Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalara Genel Bakış. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2015;1(2):51-5.
7. McCabe D, Ashford J, Hegland KW, Frymark T, Mullen R, Musson N, et al. Evidence-based systematic review: Oropharyngeal dysphagia behavioral treatments. Part IV—Impact of dysphagia treatment on individuals’ postcancer treatments. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(2):205-14.
8. Hsieh PL, Chen SH. Effectiveness of an evidence-based practice educational ıntervention among school nurses. Int J Environ Res. 2020;17(11).
9. Dudik JM, Kurosu A, Coyle JL, Sejdik E. Dysphagia and its effects on swallowing sounds and vibrations in adults. Biomed Eng Online. 2018;17(69).
10. Bath PM, Lee HS, Everton LF. Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018;10:CD000323.
11. Park YH, Bang HL, Han HR, Chang HK. Dysphagia screening measures for use in nursing homes: A systematic review. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2015;45(1):1-13.
12. Vose A, Nonnenmacher J, Singer ML, Fernandez MG. Dysphagia management in acute and sub-acute stroke. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2014;2(4):197-206.
13. Steele CM. Exercise- based approaches to dysphagia rehabilitation. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2012;72:109-17.
14. Garcia JM, Chambers E. Managing dysphagia through diet modifications. Am J Nurs. 2010;110(11):26-33.
15. Tenekeci EG, Kara B, Çetiz A, Demirkaya Ş, Demir N, Açıkel C. Multipl sklerozda disfaji değerlendirme ölçeği türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Arch Neuropsychiatr. 2016;55:243-7.
16. Chen SC, Huang BS, Chung CY, Lin CY, Fan KH, Chang CT, et al. Effects of a swallowing exercise education program on dysphagia-specific health-related quality of life in oral cavity cancer patients post-treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(8): 2919-28.
17. Jones K, Pitceathly RDS, Rose MR, MCGovan S, Hill M, Badrising UA, et al. Interventions for dysphagia in long-term, progressive muscle disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;2:CD004303.
18. Abubakar SA, Jamoh BY. Dysphagia following acute stroke and ıts effect on short‑term outcome. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2017;24(3):182-6.
19. Frost J, Robinson F, Hibberd J. A comparison of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and traditional therapy, versus traditional therapy in patients with longstanding dysphagia. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;26(3):167-73.
20. Fredslund SV, Høgdal N, Christensen MB, Wessel I. Dysphagia training after head and neck cancer fails to follow legislation and national recommendations. Dan Med J. 2015;62(5):A5067.
21. Clayton NA, Ward EC, Maitz PK. Intensive swallowing and orofacial contracture rehabilitation after severe burn: A pilot study and literature review. Burns. 2017;43(1):e7-e17.
22. Selçuk B. İnmede yutma bozuklukları. Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Derg. 2006;52(Özel Ek B):38-44.
23. Cinel G, Demir N, Özçelik U, Karaduman AA. Çocuklarda yutma disfonksiyonu. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2013;56:89-96.
24. Wang Z, Song WQ, Wang L. Application of noninvasive brain stimulation for post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017;33(2):55-61.
25. Krueger SS, Ringmaier C, Muhle P, Wollbrink A, Kemmling A, Hanning U, et al. Randomized trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for poststroke dysphagia. Ann Neurol. 2018;83(2):328-40.
26. Zhang L, Huang Z, Wu H, Chen W, Huang Z. Effect of swallowing training on dysphagia and depression in postoperative tongue cancer patients. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2014;18:626-9.
27. Hashimato H, Hirata M, Takahaski K, Kameda S, Katsuta Y, Yoshida F, et al. Non-invasive quantification of human swallowing using a simple motion tracking system. Sci Rep. 2018;8:5095.
28. Fedder P. Review of evidenced-based nursing protocols for dysphagia assessment. Stroke. 2017;48(4):99-101.
29. Kang JH, Park RY, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoon SR, Jung KI. The effect of bedside exercise program on stroke patients with dysphagia. Ann Rehab Med. 2012;36(4):512-20.
30. Bahçeci K, Umay E, Gündoğdu İ, Gürçay E, Öztürk E, Alıcura S. The effect of swallowing rehabilitation on quality of life of dysphagic patients with cortical ischemic stroke. Iran J Neurol. 2017;16(4):178-84.
31. Beck AM, Kjaersgaard A, Hansen T, Poulsen I. Systematic review and evidence based recommendations on texture modified foods and thickened liquids for adults (above 17 years) with oropharyngeal dysphagia. An updated clinical guideline. Clin Nutr. 2018;37(6):1980-91.
32. Zheng L, Li Y, Liu Y. The individualized rehabilitation interventions for dysphagia: a multidisciplinary case control study of acute stroke patients. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014;7(10):3789-94.
33. Khoja MA. Registered nurses’ knowledge and care practices regarding patients with dysphagia in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study. Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2018;31(8):896-909.
34. Sproson L, Pownall S, Enderby P, Freeman J. Combined electrical stimulation and exercise for swallow rehabilitation post-stroke: A pilot randomized control trial. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2018;53(2):405-17.
35. Pulia NR, Robbins J. Approaches to the rehabilitation of dysphagia in acute poststroke patients. Semin Speech Lang. 2013;34(3):154-69.
36. Park JS, An DH, Oh DH. Chang MY. Effect of chin tuck against resistance exercise on patients with dysphagia following stroke: A randomized pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2018;42(2):191-7.
37. Umemoto G, Furuya H. Management of dysphagia in patients with parkinson’s disease and related disorders. Int Med. 2020;59(1):7-14.
38. Hien NM, Duc DP. The avant rehabilitation program and cerebrolysin for treatment of post-stroke dysphagia: A case report. J Med Life. 2019;12(3):236-8.
39. Xia W, Zheng C, Zhu S, Tang Z. Does the addition of specific acupuncture to standard swallowing training improve outcomes in patients with dysphagia after stroke? A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehab. 2016;30(3):237-46.
40. Perry A, Lee SH, Cotton S, Kennedy J. Therapeutic exercises for affecting post-treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced-stage head and neck cancers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;8:CD011112.
41. Konency P, Elfmark M. Electrical stimulation of hyoid muscles in post-stroke dysphagia. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacký Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018;162(1):40-2.
42. Chiang CF, Lin MT, Hsiao MY, Yeh YC, Liang YC, Wang TG. Comparative efficacy of noninvasive neurostimulation therapies for acute and subacute poststroke dysphagia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2019;100(4):739-50.
43. Langmore SE, Pisegna JM, Efficacy of exercises to rehabilitate dysphagia: A critique of the literatüre. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2015;17(3):1-8.
44. Li CM, Wang TG, Lee HY, Wang HP, Hsieh SH, Chou M, et al. Swallowing training combined with game-based biofeedback in poststroke dysphagia. PM & R: The Journal Of İnjury, Function, And Rehabilitation. 2016;8(8):773-9.
45. McGinnis CM, Homan K, Solomon M, Taylor J, Staebell K, Erger D. et al. Dysphagia: ınterprofessional management, ımpact, and patient-centered care. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34(1):80-95.
46. Choi JB, Shim SH, Yang JE, Kim HD, Lee DH, Park JS. Effects of shaker exercise in stroke survivors with orophagyngeal dysphagia. NeuroRehabilitation. 2017;41(4):753-7.
47. Cabib C, Ortega O, Kumru H, Palomeras E, Vilardell N, Berdugo DA, et al. Neurorehabilitation strategies for poststroke oropharyngeal dysphagia: from compensation to the recovery of swallowing function. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1380(1):121-38.
48. Kim BW, Kim HJ, Hyun JK, Kim SY, Kim TA. Botulinum toxin ınjection in the treatment of postextubation dysphagia: A Case Report. Ann Rehab Med. 2018;42(2):358-62.
49. Bengisu S, Turan Z. baş boyun kanser cerrahisi uygulanmış hastalarda yutma terapisinin yutma bozukluğu şiddeti ve yaşam kalitesine etkisinin belirlenmesi. Dil, Konuşma ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2019;2(3):300-14.
50. Yakşi E, Kurul R, Avcı Ş, Öğün MN. Disfajik inmeli bireylerde kullanılan kompansatuvar postürün yutma üzerine etkisi. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi. 2018;10(1):61-4.
51. Taylor C. Dysphagia and malnutrition in older adults. Br J Community Nurs. 2019;1;24(Sup7):26-28.
52. Akai M. Approaches to dysphagia rehabilitation. Dysphagia Rehabilitation Manuel. Japan: National rehabilitation center for persons with disabilities, 2015.
53. Cichero J. Scope of practice. Dysphagia Clinical Guideline. Australia: The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited, 2012.
54. Hines S, Kynoch K, Munday J. Identification and nursing management of dysphagia in individuals with acute neurological impairment: A systematic review (new update). JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2014;12(5):195-236.
55. Wells M, King E. Patient adherence to swallowing exercises in head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;25(3):175-81.
56. Omura K, Komine A, Yanagigawa M, Chiba N, Osada M. Frequency and outcome of post-extubation dysphagia using nurse-performed swallowing screening protocol. Nurs Crit Care. 2019;24(2):70-5.
57. Simonelli M, Ruoppolo G, Iosa M, Morone G, Fusco A, Grasso MG, et al. A stimulus for eating. The use of neuromuscular transcutaneous electrical stimulation in patients affected by severe dysphagia after subacute stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial. NeuroRehabilitation. 2019;44(1):103-10.
58. Alankaya N. İnme sonrası yeti yitimi ve rehabilitasyonda hemşirenin rolü. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2019;23(3):195-201.

There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Review
Authors	Gizem Özbudak 0000-0002-2063-9544 Serap Özer 0000-0002-8903-1596
Publication Date	June 30, 2021
Acceptance Date	May 6, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 30 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA	Özbudak G, Özer S. Disfaji Rehabilitasyonunda Hemşirenin Rolü. aktd. June 2021;30(2):86-93.

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