Abstract
Pnömomediastinum, mediasten içerisinde hava bulunmasıdır; primer (spontan) ve sekonder olarak iki ana gruba ayrılır. Spontan pnömomediastinumda, sekonder pnömediastinumdan farklı olarak mediastendeki serbest havayı açıklayacak direkt bir sebep bulunmaz. Astım, KOAH, kokain kullanımı gibi birkaç predispozan faktörler tanımlanmıştır. Ancak 1/3 oranında hastada hiçbir etyolojik faktör tanımlanamamıştır ve bu idiopatik grubu oluşturur. Bu durum daha çok genç erkeklerde görülür (erkek/kadın=4/1). Pnömomediastinuma subkutan amfizemin eşlik etmesi, Hamman sendrumu olarak bilinmektedir. Bu hastalar sıklıkla acil servise göğüs ağrısı ve nefes darlığı ile başvurmaktadırlar. Bizim olgumuz ise 19 yaşında kadın hasta ise göğüs ağrısı olmaksızın nefes darlığı ile acil servisimize başvurmuştur. Posterioanterior(PA) akciğer grafisinde ve bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntülerinde pnömomediastinum, boyun kompartmanlarında ve subkutan dokularda amfizem tespit edilmiştir. Hamman sendromlu hastalarda beklendiği üzere, olgumuzun klinik tablosu semptomatik tedaviler sonrasında gerilemiş olup bu süreçte herhangi bir komplikasyon gelişmemiştir.
References
- Hamman L. Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1939, 64: 1-21.
- Khan SI, Shah RA, Yasir S, Ahmed MS. Post partumpneumomediastinum (Hamman syndrome): A case report. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2018, 68.7: 1108-1109.
- Kouritas VK, Papagiannopoulos K, Lazaridis G, Baka S, Mpoukovinas I, Karavasilis V et al. Pneumomediastinum. Journal of thoracic disease, 7(Suppl 1), 2015. S44.
- Laennec RTH. De lauscultation médiate: ou, Traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur; fondé principalement sur ce nouveau moyen d'exploration;exploration. Culture et civilisation, 1819.
- Macklin MT, Macklin CC. Malignant interstitial emphysema of the lungs and mediastinum as an important occult complication in many respiratory diseases and other conditions: an interpretation of the clinical literature in the light of laboratory experiment. Medicine, 1944, 23.4: 281-358.
- Malas M, Fatanı N, Aljuhani Z. A Young Healthy Male with Spontaneous Subcutaneous Emphysema Occurring in Neck, Retropharyngeal and Mediastinal Spaces. Case Reports in Otolaryngology, 2020, 2020.
- Perna V, Vilà E, Guelbenzu JJ, Amat I. Pneumomediastinum: is this really a benign entity? When it can be considered as spontaneous? Our experience in 47 adult patients. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery, 2010, 37.3: 573-575.
- Sahni S, Verma S, Grullon J, Esquire A., Patel P, Talwar A. (2013). Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: time for consensus. North American Journal of medical sciences, 5(8), 460.
Abstract
Pneumomediastinum is, by definition the precens of air in the mediastinum and divided into two main groups: primary (spontaneous) and secondary. In spontaneous pneumomediastinum, unlike the secondary pneumediastinum, there is no direct reason to explain the free air in the mediastinum. Several predisposing factors such as asthma, COPD, cocaine use have been identified. However, no etiological factor has been identified in 1/3 of the patients which constitutes the idiopathic group. This condition is mostly seen in young asthenic men (male / female = 4/1). The accompanying subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum is known as the Hamman syndrome. These patients frequently refer to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. In our case, a 19-year-old female patient referred to our emergency department with shortness of breath without evident chest pain. Posterioanterior (PA) chest radiograph and computed tomography images revealed pneumomediastinum with emphysema in the cervical compartments and subcutaneous tissues. As expected in the patients with Hamman syndrome, the clinical condition of the patient improved with symptomatic treatments and no complications developed during the course of the disease.
References
- Hamman L. Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1939, 64: 1-21.
- Khan SI, Shah RA, Yasir S, Ahmed MS. Post partumpneumomediastinum (Hamman syndrome): A case report. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2018, 68.7: 1108-1109.
- Kouritas VK, Papagiannopoulos K, Lazaridis G, Baka S, Mpoukovinas I, Karavasilis V et al. Pneumomediastinum. Journal of thoracic disease, 7(Suppl 1), 2015. S44.
- Laennec RTH. De lauscultation médiate: ou, Traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur; fondé principalement sur ce nouveau moyen d'exploration;exploration. Culture et civilisation, 1819.
- Macklin MT, Macklin CC. Malignant interstitial emphysema of the lungs and mediastinum as an important occult complication in many respiratory diseases and other conditions: an interpretation of the clinical literature in the light of laboratory experiment. Medicine, 1944, 23.4: 281-358.
- Malas M, Fatanı N, Aljuhani Z. A Young Healthy Male with Spontaneous Subcutaneous Emphysema Occurring in Neck, Retropharyngeal and Mediastinal Spaces. Case Reports in Otolaryngology, 2020, 2020.
- Perna V, Vilà E, Guelbenzu JJ, Amat I. Pneumomediastinum: is this really a benign entity? When it can be considered as spontaneous? Our experience in 47 adult patients. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery, 2010, 37.3: 573-575.
- Sahni S, Verma S, Grullon J, Esquire A., Patel P, Talwar A. (2013). Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: time for consensus. North American Journal of medical sciences, 5(8), 460.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2021 |
| Submission Date | November 5, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | December 10, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 2 |
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