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Clostridium Botulinum Kaynaklı Gıda Zehirlenmeleri: Botulizm

Year 2019, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 58 - 63, 15.01.2019

Rengin Reis Can Zeray Hande Sipahi

Abstract

Botulizm, insan ve hayvanları etkileyen ciddi bir nöroparalitik hastalıktır. Hasta- lık, Clostridium botulinum bakterisi tarafından üretilen ve bilinen en potent tok- sinlerden biri olan botulinum nörotoksininden kaynaklanır. Botulinum nörotok- sini sinir fonksiyonlarını bloke ederek solunum ve kas felcine yol açabilmektedir. Literatürde botulizmin en yaygın görülen bulaşma yolu, botulinum nörotoksini ile kontamine gıdaların tüketilmesi ile seyreden gıda kaynaklı botulizmdir. Gıda kaynaklı botulizm, dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de son yıllarda görülen bazı ardışık vakalar nedeniyle dikkat çekmektedir. Vakaların büyük bir çoğunluğunun evde düşük sıcaklıklarda ve yetersiz pişirme süresiyle pişirilip konserve edilen besinlerin tüketilmesi sonucu oluştuğu bildirilmektedir. Bu nedenle botulizme dikkat çekebilmek için çeşitli kanallar aracılığıyla halkı bilinçlendirmeye yönelik her türlü eğitici materyale ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu derlemede, botulizm tipleri, tedavisi, botulizmden korunmaya yönelik tedbirler ve dünyada botulizm vakala- rının yanı sıra ülkemizde raporlanan güncel vaka olguları ele alınmaktadır.

Keywords

Clostridium botulinum botulizm gıda zehirlenmesi konserve gıda

References

  • 1. Proverbio M, Lamba M, Rossi A, Siani P: Early diagnosis and treatment in a child with foodborne botulism. Anaerobe 2016, 39: 189-192.
  • 2. Rao A, Lin N, Jackson K, Mody R, Griffin P: Clinical Characte- ristics and Ancillary Test Results Among Patients With Botu- lism—United States, 2002–2015. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 4-10.
  • 3. Food and Drug Administration. Laboratory Methods.; 2018 June 11. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/food/foodsciencere- search/laboratorymethods/ucm070879.htm [web site]
  • 4. Güran HŞ, Öksüztepe G: Gıda Kaynaklı Botulizm ve Önemi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi 2012, 26(3): 191-195.
  • 5. Kohda T, Nakamura K, Hosomi K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamo- to M: Characterization of the functional activity of botulinum neurotoxin subtype B6. Microbiology and Immunology 2017, 61(11): 482-489.
  • 6. O’Horo J, Harper E, El Rafei A, Ali R, De Simone D, Sakusic A, Abu Saleh O, Marcelin J, Tan E, Rao A, Sobel J, Tosh P: Efficacy of Antitoxin Therapy in Treating Patients With Fo- odborne Botulism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cases, 1923–2016. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 43-56.
  • 7. Fleck-Derderian S, Shankar M, Rao A, Chatham-Stephens K, Adjei S, Sobel J, Meltzer M, Meaney-Delman D, Pillai S: The Epidemiology of Foodborne Botulism Outbreaks: A Systema- tic Review. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 73-81.
  • 8. World Health Organization. Botulism.; 2018 April 16 Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs270/en/ [web site]
  • 9. Jackson L, Madan-Khetarpal S, Naik M, Michaels M, Riley M: Infant Botulism in the Very Young Neonate: A Case Series. American Journal of Perinatology Reports 2017, 7(3): 163- 166.
  • 10. Kobayashi T, Haginoya K, Morimoto T, Hatakeyama Tsuchiya S: A Case of Infant Botulism Infection due to Consumption of Untreated Well-Water. The Journal of Pediatrics 2014, 164(4): 931-933.
  • 11. Drivenes B, Krause TG, Andersson M, Müller L, Fuursted K, Pedersen T, Hansen AK, Børresen ML: Infant botulism in Denmark from 1995 to 2015.Danish Medical Journal 2017, 64(9): 5404
  • 12. De Rosa F G, Di Perri G: Wound botulism after traumatic open fracture in Italy, Le Infezioni in Medicina 2015, 23(3):280-282
  • 13. Coban A, Matur Z, Hanagasi H, Parman Y: Iatrogenic Botulism After Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections. Clinical Neurophar- macology 2010, 33(3): 158-160.
  • 14. Nguyen QArnold W. Poster 86: The Diagnosis, Symptomatic Treatment, and Course of Iatrogenic Botulism: A Case Report. PM&R 2010, 2(9): 44.
  • 15. Gupta A, Sumner C, Castor M, Maslanka Sobel J: Adult botu- lism type F in the United States, 1981-2002. Neurology 2005, 65(11): 1694-1700.
  • 16. Varma JK, Katsitadze G, Moiscrafishvili M: Foodborne Botu- lism in the Republic of Georgia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2004, 10(9):1601-1605.
  • 17. Czerwiński M., Kondej B: Foodborne botulism in Poland in 2014 Przegl Epidemiology 2016, 70(2):217-223.
  • 18. Fenicia L, Aureli P: Intestinal toxemia botulism in Italy, 1984- 2005. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infecti- ous Diseases 2007, 26(6):385-94.
  • 19. Tseng C, Tsai C, Tseng C, Tseng Y, Lee F, Huang W: An outb- reak of foodborne botulism in Taiwan. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2009, 212(1): 82-86.
  • 20. Desurkar A. Spotting infantile botulism: a taste of molten ho- ney. Paediatrics and Child Health 2015, 25(7):332-334.
  • 21. Ekmekçi H, Arslan T: Botulizm: 3 Olgu Sunumu ve Genel De- ğerlendirme. Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi 1996, 3(3):213- 216.
  • 22. Akdeniz H, Buzgan T, Tekin M, Karsen H, Karahocagil M: An outbreak of botulism in a family in Eastern Anatolia associa- ted with eating süzme yoghurt buried under soil. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 2007, 39(2): 108-114.
  • 23. Sabiha S. A foodborne botulism case. Digestive and Liver Di- sease 2015, 47: 237–276.
  • 24. Sabah Gazetesi. Nadir görülen zehir 5 kişiyi öldürüyordu. ;2018 April 17. Available from:https://www.sabah.com.tr/ guney/2015/11/22/nadir-gorulen-zehir-5-kisiyi-olduruyordu. [web site]
  • 25. Bıcakcıoglu M, Aydogan M, Yucel A, Togal T: Foodborne bo- tulism: 4 cases report. Toxicology Letters 2016, 258: 107-108.
  • 26. NTV Haber. Konserve tüketimi için uyarı (Adana’da 4 kişi mene- menden mi öldü?).;2017 December 5. Available from: https:// www.ntv.com.tr/saglik/konserve-tuketimi-icin-uyari-adanada- 4-kisi-menemenden-mi-oldu,-RoQgPKQUk2x3iCxNiT5yw [web site]
  • 27. Onul M, Willke A: Food-borne botulism and its epidemiolo- gical features as seen in our country during the last few years. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 1989, 23(4):284-91.
  • 28. Cengiz M, Yilmaz M, Dosemeci L, Ramazanoglu A: A botu- lism outbreak from roasted canned mushrooms. Human & Ex- perimental Toxicology 2006, 25(5): 273-278.
  • 29. Swaan CM, van Ouwerkerk IM, Roest HJ: Cluster of botulism among Dutch tourists in Turkey,June 2008. Euro Surveillance. 2010, 15(14): 19532.
  • 30. Altun D, Çukorova Z, Eren G, Polat Y, Aşar S, Hergünsel O, Yayla V: Yoğun Bakımda Takip Edilen Nadir Görülen Besin Zehirlenmesi: Botilismus. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi 2010, 6:125- 128.
  • 31. Kutlu M, Özcan N, Yiğit H, Bacanlı A: A Case of Foodborne Botulism: The Challenge of Diagnosis. Klinik Dergisi 2012, 25(2): 84-6
  • 32. Kotan D, Aygul R, Ceylan M, Yilikoglu Y: Clinically and elect- rophysiologically diagnosed botulinum intoxication. Case Re- ports 2013, doi:10.1136/bcr.01.2012.5678.
  • 33. Azapağası E, Kendirli T, Öz-Tuncer G, Albayrak P, Teber S, Deda G: Complete paralytic botulism mimicking a deep coma in a child. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2017, 59(5): 581- 585.
  • 34. Taillac P. CBRNE-Botulism. 2018 April 16 Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/829125-overview [web site]
  • 35. RxMedia Pharma 2018, İnteraktif İlaç Bilgi Kaynağı.
  • 36. Grabenstein JD: Immunoantidotes: II. One hundred years of antitoxins, Hospital Pharmacy 1992, 27:637-646.
  • 37. Arnon S, Schechter R, Inglesby T, Henderson D, Bartlett J, Ascher M, Eitzen E, Fine A,
  • 38. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. Obezite, Diyabet ve Metabolik Hastalıklar Daire Başkanlığı.; 2018 April 17 Available from: http://kirklareli.ism.saglik.gov.tr/TR,22847/konserve-tursu- ve-saglik.html [web site]
  • 39. Food and Drug Administration. Botulism.; 2018 June 11 Avai- lable from: https://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm576809. htm [web site]

Clostridium Botulinum Related Food Poisoning: Botulism

Year 2019, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 58 - 63, 15.01.2019

Rengin Reis Can Zeray Hande Sipahi

Abstract

Botulism is a serious neuroparalytic disease that affects humans and animals. The disease is caused by one of the most potent toxin, botulinum neurotoxin, known to be produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Botulinum neurotoxin may lead to respiratory depression and muscle paralysis by blocking neural functions. The most common transmission route of botulism in literature is foodborne botu- lism, which is caused by the consumption of botulinum neurotoxin contaminat- ed foods. Foodborne botulism has become noteworthy due to some sequential events in our country as well as in recent years. It is reported that a large majority of these cases are the result of consuming the foods that are cooked and preserved at low temperatures and inadequate cooking time at home. Therefore, in order to draw attention to botulism, educational materials to raise public awareness are required. In this review, types of botulism, botulism treatment, protection against botulism and botulism cases in the world, as well as current cases reported in our country are discussed.

Keywords

lostridium botulinum botulism food poisoning canned food

References

  • 1. Proverbio M, Lamba M, Rossi A, Siani P: Early diagnosis and treatment in a child with foodborne botulism. Anaerobe 2016, 39: 189-192.
  • 2. Rao A, Lin N, Jackson K, Mody R, Griffin P: Clinical Characte- ristics and Ancillary Test Results Among Patients With Botu- lism—United States, 2002–2015. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 4-10.
  • 3. Food and Drug Administration. Laboratory Methods.; 2018 June 11. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/food/foodsciencere- search/laboratorymethods/ucm070879.htm [web site]
  • 4. Güran HŞ, Öksüztepe G: Gıda Kaynaklı Botulizm ve Önemi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi 2012, 26(3): 191-195.
  • 5. Kohda T, Nakamura K, Hosomi K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamo- to M: Characterization of the functional activity of botulinum neurotoxin subtype B6. Microbiology and Immunology 2017, 61(11): 482-489.
  • 6. O’Horo J, Harper E, El Rafei A, Ali R, De Simone D, Sakusic A, Abu Saleh O, Marcelin J, Tan E, Rao A, Sobel J, Tosh P: Efficacy of Antitoxin Therapy in Treating Patients With Fo- odborne Botulism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cases, 1923–2016. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 43-56.
  • 7. Fleck-Derderian S, Shankar M, Rao A, Chatham-Stephens K, Adjei S, Sobel J, Meltzer M, Meaney-Delman D, Pillai S: The Epidemiology of Foodborne Botulism Outbreaks: A Systema- tic Review. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66(1): 73-81.
  • 8. World Health Organization. Botulism.; 2018 April 16 Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs270/en/ [web site]
  • 9. Jackson L, Madan-Khetarpal S, Naik M, Michaels M, Riley M: Infant Botulism in the Very Young Neonate: A Case Series. American Journal of Perinatology Reports 2017, 7(3): 163- 166.
  • 10. Kobayashi T, Haginoya K, Morimoto T, Hatakeyama Tsuchiya S: A Case of Infant Botulism Infection due to Consumption of Untreated Well-Water. The Journal of Pediatrics 2014, 164(4): 931-933.
  • 11. Drivenes B, Krause TG, Andersson M, Müller L, Fuursted K, Pedersen T, Hansen AK, Børresen ML: Infant botulism in Denmark from 1995 to 2015.Danish Medical Journal 2017, 64(9): 5404
  • 12. De Rosa F G, Di Perri G: Wound botulism after traumatic open fracture in Italy, Le Infezioni in Medicina 2015, 23(3):280-282
  • 13. Coban A, Matur Z, Hanagasi H, Parman Y: Iatrogenic Botulism After Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections. Clinical Neurophar- macology 2010, 33(3): 158-160.
  • 14. Nguyen QArnold W. Poster 86: The Diagnosis, Symptomatic Treatment, and Course of Iatrogenic Botulism: A Case Report. PM&R 2010, 2(9): 44.
  • 15. Gupta A, Sumner C, Castor M, Maslanka Sobel J: Adult botu- lism type F in the United States, 1981-2002. Neurology 2005, 65(11): 1694-1700.
  • 16. Varma JK, Katsitadze G, Moiscrafishvili M: Foodborne Botu- lism in the Republic of Georgia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2004, 10(9):1601-1605.
  • 17. Czerwiński M., Kondej B: Foodborne botulism in Poland in 2014 Przegl Epidemiology 2016, 70(2):217-223.
  • 18. Fenicia L, Aureli P: Intestinal toxemia botulism in Italy, 1984- 2005. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infecti- ous Diseases 2007, 26(6):385-94.
  • 19. Tseng C, Tsai C, Tseng C, Tseng Y, Lee F, Huang W: An outb- reak of foodborne botulism in Taiwan. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2009, 212(1): 82-86.
  • 20. Desurkar A. Spotting infantile botulism: a taste of molten ho- ney. Paediatrics and Child Health 2015, 25(7):332-334.
  • 21. Ekmekçi H, Arslan T: Botulizm: 3 Olgu Sunumu ve Genel De- ğerlendirme. Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi 1996, 3(3):213- 216.
  • 22. Akdeniz H, Buzgan T, Tekin M, Karsen H, Karahocagil M: An outbreak of botulism in a family in Eastern Anatolia associa- ted with eating süzme yoghurt buried under soil. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 2007, 39(2): 108-114.
  • 23. Sabiha S. A foodborne botulism case. Digestive and Liver Di- sease 2015, 47: 237–276.
  • 24. Sabah Gazetesi. Nadir görülen zehir 5 kişiyi öldürüyordu. ;2018 April 17. Available from:https://www.sabah.com.tr/ guney/2015/11/22/nadir-gorulen-zehir-5-kisiyi-olduruyordu. [web site]
  • 25. Bıcakcıoglu M, Aydogan M, Yucel A, Togal T: Foodborne bo- tulism: 4 cases report. Toxicology Letters 2016, 258: 107-108.
  • 26. NTV Haber. Konserve tüketimi için uyarı (Adana’da 4 kişi mene- menden mi öldü?).;2017 December 5. Available from: https:// www.ntv.com.tr/saglik/konserve-tuketimi-icin-uyari-adanada- 4-kisi-menemenden-mi-oldu,-RoQgPKQUk2x3iCxNiT5yw [web site]
  • 27. Onul M, Willke A: Food-borne botulism and its epidemiolo- gical features as seen in our country during the last few years. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 1989, 23(4):284-91.
  • 28. Cengiz M, Yilmaz M, Dosemeci L, Ramazanoglu A: A botu- lism outbreak from roasted canned mushrooms. Human & Ex- perimental Toxicology 2006, 25(5): 273-278.
  • 29. Swaan CM, van Ouwerkerk IM, Roest HJ: Cluster of botulism among Dutch tourists in Turkey,June 2008. Euro Surveillance. 2010, 15(14): 19532.
  • 30. Altun D, Çukorova Z, Eren G, Polat Y, Aşar S, Hergünsel O, Yayla V: Yoğun Bakımda Takip Edilen Nadir Görülen Besin Zehirlenmesi: Botilismus. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi 2010, 6:125- 128.
  • 31. Kutlu M, Özcan N, Yiğit H, Bacanlı A: A Case of Foodborne Botulism: The Challenge of Diagnosis. Klinik Dergisi 2012, 25(2): 84-6
  • 32. Kotan D, Aygul R, Ceylan M, Yilikoglu Y: Clinically and elect- rophysiologically diagnosed botulinum intoxication. Case Re- ports 2013, doi:10.1136/bcr.01.2012.5678.
  • 33. Azapağası E, Kendirli T, Öz-Tuncer G, Albayrak P, Teber S, Deda G: Complete paralytic botulism mimicking a deep coma in a child. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2017, 59(5): 581- 585.
  • 34. Taillac P. CBRNE-Botulism. 2018 April 16 Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/829125-overview [web site]
  • 35. RxMedia Pharma 2018, İnteraktif İlaç Bilgi Kaynağı.
  • 36. Grabenstein JD: Immunoantidotes: II. One hundred years of antitoxins, Hospital Pharmacy 1992, 27:637-646.
  • 37. Arnon S, Schechter R, Inglesby T, Henderson D, Bartlett J, Ascher M, Eitzen E, Fine A,
  • 38. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. Obezite, Diyabet ve Metabolik Hastalıklar Daire Başkanlığı.; 2018 April 17 Available from: http://kirklareli.ism.saglik.gov.tr/TR,22847/konserve-tursu- ve-saglik.html [web site]
  • 39. Food and Drug Administration. Botulism.; 2018 June 11 Avai- lable from: https://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm576809. htm [web site]
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Rengin Reis This is me

Can Zeray This is me

Hande Sipahi

Publication Date January 15, 2019
Acceptance Date November 9, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 39 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Reis R, Zeray C, Sipahi H. Clostridium Botulinum Kaynaklı Gıda Zehirlenmeleri: Botulizm. HUJPHARM. 2019;39(1):58-63.