Abstract
Amaç:
Hepatit C virus (HCV) enfeksiyonu
Türkiye’de ve dünyada en önemli karaciğer hastalıklarından biridir. HCV yüksek
düzeyde genetik heterojenite göstermektedir. Tüm dünyada şimdiye kadar altı
majör tipi ve çok sayıda alt tipi tanımlanmıştır. Dünyanın farklı
bölgelerinde HCV genotipleri ve alt
tiplerinin dağılımı değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Adıyaman ilinde kronik HCV enfeksiyonlu hastalarda HCV
genotip dağılımını belirlemektir.
Materyal ve Metod:
Bu çalışmada kronik HCV enfeksiyonlu 71 (26 kadın, 45 erkek) hasta
değerlendirildi. Viral genotipler dizi analizi (ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer) ve HCV-RNA Real Time PCR
genotipleme performans paneli (PHW 202, BBI Diagnostics) ile üretici
firmanın önerilerine göre çalışılarak belirlendi.
Bulgular: 71 hastanın 51’inde (%71,83) genotip 1b
gözlendi. HCV-RNA pozitif olan örneklerin geri kalanında; 6 hastada genotip 1a (%8,45) ve 8’inde (%11,27) genotip
2b enfeksiyonu gösterildi. Geri kalan 6
örneğin 3’ünde (%4,22) genotip 1 ve 3’ünde (%4,22) genotip 3a olarak tespit edildi. Genotip ve ya alt tip dağılımı
bakımından kadın ve erkek cinsiyet yönünden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
fark gözlenmedi.
Sonuç:
Sonuçlarımıza göre genotip 1b Adıyaman ilinde baskın olarak saptandı. Ancak zamanla diğer genotiplerinde
ortaya çıktığı
gösterilmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Aman W, Mousa S, Shiha G, Mousa SA. Current status and future directions in the management of chronic hepatitis C. J Virol, 2012; 9: 57.
- Sherlock S, Dooley J. Hepatitis C Virus. Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 11th edition 2002; 305-316.
- www.who.int/immunization/topics/hepatitis/en/.
- Ray SC, Thomas DL, Hepatitis C. “Mandel G, Bennet JE, Dolin R (eds). Mandel, Douglas and Bennett’s Principals and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7.press, Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, 2010; 2157-2185.
- Massard J, Ratziu V, Thabut D, et al. Natural history and predictors of disease severity in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol, 2006; 44: 19 - 24.
- Rho J, Ryu JS, Hur W, et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping by annealing reverse transcription-PCR products with genotype-specific capture probes. J Microbiol, 2008; 46(1): 81-87.
- Jimenez-Mendez R, Uribe-Salas F, López-Guillen P, Cisneros-Garza L, Castañeda-Hernandez G. Distribution of HCV genotypes and HCV RNA viral load in different regions of Mexico. Ann Hepatol, 2010; 9(1): 33-39.
- Sievert W, Altraif I, Razavi HA, et al. A systematic review of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Asia, Australia and Egypt. Liver Int, 2011; 31: 61-80.
- Abacıoğlu YH, Davidson F, Tuncer S, et al. The distrubition of hepatitis C virus genotype in Turkish patients. J Viral Hepat 1995; 2: 297-301.
- Yalçın K, Değertekin H, Akkız H. HCV genotypes in HCV related chronic hepatitis in Southeast Anatolia. Turk J Gastroenterol, 1999;10:249-52.
- Yıldız E, Oztan A, Sur F, et al. Molecular characterization of a full genome Turkish hepatitis C virus 1b isolate (HCV-TR1): A predominant viral form in Turkey. Virus Gene 2002; 25: 169-177.
- Bozdayi AM, Aslan N, Bozdayi G, Turkyilmaz AR, Sengezer T, Wend U, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D viruses in Turkish patients. Arch Virol, 2004;149:2115-2129.
- Çil T, Özekinci T, Göral V, Altıntaş A. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde hepatit C virüsü genotipleri. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci, 2007; 27(4): 496-500.
- Ozbek E, Ozekinci T, Mese S, Atmaca S. Hepatitis C virus genotypes are changing in the Southeast of Turkey. Biotechnol Biotechnol Eq, 2009; 23(4): 1521-1523.
- Şanlıdağ T, Akcali S, Ozbakkaloğlu B, Ertekin D, Akduman E. Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in Manisa region, Turkey. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2009; 43(4): 613-618.
- Çelik C, Bakıcı MZ, Kaygusuz R, Ertürk R. Sivas yöresindeki HCV genotip dağılımlarının araştırılması. Viral Hepatit Derg, 2010; 16(3): 106-10.
- Kalayci R, Altindiş M, Gülamber G, Demirtürk N, Akcan Y, Demirdal T. Genotype distribution of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients and investigation of the resistance patterns in hepatitis B cases. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2010; 44(2): 237-243.
- Aktaş E, Ogedey ED, Külah C, Beğendik Cömert F. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in a province of Western Black-Sea region, Turkey. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2010; 44(4): 647-650.
- Karslıgil T, Savaş E, Savaş MC. Genotype distribution and 5' UTR nucleotide changes in hepatitis C virus. Balkan Med J, 2011; 28(3): 232-6.
- Chevaliez S, Pawlotsky JM. Hepatitis C virus serologic and virologic tests and clinical diagnosis of HCV-related liver disease. Int J Med Sci, 2006; 3: 35 – 40.
- Akıncı E, Bodur H. HCV Enfeksiyonlarında klinik ve Tanı. Viral Hepatit 2007. Viral Hepatitle Savaşım Derneği, 2007: 220 – 226.
- Pawlotsky JM. Molecular diagnosisof viral hepatitis. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1554 -1568
- Abdel-Hamid M, El-Daly M, Molnegren V, et al. Genetic diversity in hepatitis C virus in Egypt and possible association with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gen Virol, 2007; 88(5): 1526-31.
- Gheorghe L, Iacob S, Grigorescu M et al. High sustained virological response rate to combination therapy in genotype 1 patients with histologically mild hepatitis C, J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009;18(1):51-6.
- Hollinger FB. Factors contributing to the evolution and outcome of cirrhosis in hepatitis C. Clinics in Liver Disease, 1999; 3:741-755.
- Ramalho F, Costa A, Pires A et al: Correlation of genotypes and route of transmission with histologic activity and disease stage in chronic hepatitis C. Dig Dis Sci, 2000,45:182-187.
- Thomas DL, Lemon SM. Hepatitis C. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000: 1736-1760.
- Sherlock S, Dooley J. Chronic HCV infection. Diseases Of The Liver And Biliary System. 9th ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993: 357-369.
- Zein NN, Rakela J, Krawitt EL, Reddy KR, Tominaga T, Persing DH. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in the United States: Epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy. Collaborative Study Group. Ann Intern Med ,1996;125:634-639.
- Kurosaki M, Enomoto N, Murakami T, Sakuma I, Asahina Y, Yamamoto C, et al. Analysis of genotypes and amino acid residues 2209 to 2248 of the NS5A region of hepatitis C virus in relation to the response to interferon-beta therapy. Hepatology, 1997; 25:750-753.
- Gower E, Estes C, Blach S, Shearer K.R, Razav H. Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection. J of Hepatology, 2014; 61(1): 45–57.
- Yıldız E, Oztan A, Sur F, et al. Molecular characterization of a full genome Turkish hepatitis C virus 1b isolate (HCV-TR1): A predominant viral form in Turkey. Virus Gene, 2002; 25: 169-177.
- Tong MJ, el-Farra NS, Reikes AR, Co RL.Clinical outcomes after transfusion-associated hepatitis C. N Engl J Med, 1995;332:1463-1466.
- Pozzato G, Kaneko S, Moretti M, Croce LS, Franzin F, Unoura M, et al. Different genotypes of hepatitis C virus are associated with different severity of chronic liver disease. J Med Virol 1994;43:291-296.
- Lindsay KL. Therapy of hepatitis C: Overview. Hepatology 1997; 26(3):71-77.
- Reed KE, Rice CM. Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus. In: Reesink HW, ed. 2nd ed. Hepatitis C Virus. Basel: Karger, 1998;1-37
Abstract
Aim: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is one
of the most important liver diseases in Turkey and worldwide.
HCV shows high degree of genetic heterogeneity; consequently six major
genotypes and multiple subtypes of HCV have been identified so far in world.
Distribution of HCV genotypes and subtypes in different regions of the world is
variable. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of
genotypes of hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection
in Adıyaman province.
Material and Method:
Serum samples from 71 patients (26 female, 45
male) with chronic HCV infection were analyzed
in this study. Viral genotypes were determined by using squences analysis (ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer)
and HCV-RNA Real Time PCR genotyping performance panel
(PHW 202, BBI Diagnostics) working
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Results
: Genotype 1b was observed in 51 of the 71 patients (71.83%). The remainder of
HCV-RNA positive specimens; In 6 patient was
showed infection with subtype 1a (8.45%) and 8 with subtype 2b (11.27%).
The rest of 6 specimen were determined genotype 1 and subtip 3a as 4.22%. There were no statistical differences
between female and male patients groups for distrubition of genotype or
subtype.
Conclusion: According
to our results, we found genotype 1b was dominant in Adiyaman province of
Turkey. Our results were similar with others performed in this area. In
addition, dominant HCV genotype was 1b; however, the other genotypes have been
increasingly determined.
References
- Aman W, Mousa S, Shiha G, Mousa SA. Current status and future directions in the management of chronic hepatitis C. J Virol, 2012; 9: 57.
- Sherlock S, Dooley J. Hepatitis C Virus. Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 11th edition 2002; 305-316.
- www.who.int/immunization/topics/hepatitis/en/.
- Ray SC, Thomas DL, Hepatitis C. “Mandel G, Bennet JE, Dolin R (eds). Mandel, Douglas and Bennett’s Principals and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7.press, Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, 2010; 2157-2185.
- Massard J, Ratziu V, Thabut D, et al. Natural history and predictors of disease severity in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol, 2006; 44: 19 - 24.
- Rho J, Ryu JS, Hur W, et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping by annealing reverse transcription-PCR products with genotype-specific capture probes. J Microbiol, 2008; 46(1): 81-87.
- Jimenez-Mendez R, Uribe-Salas F, López-Guillen P, Cisneros-Garza L, Castañeda-Hernandez G. Distribution of HCV genotypes and HCV RNA viral load in different regions of Mexico. Ann Hepatol, 2010; 9(1): 33-39.
- Sievert W, Altraif I, Razavi HA, et al. A systematic review of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Asia, Australia and Egypt. Liver Int, 2011; 31: 61-80.
- Abacıoğlu YH, Davidson F, Tuncer S, et al. The distrubition of hepatitis C virus genotype in Turkish patients. J Viral Hepat 1995; 2: 297-301.
- Yalçın K, Değertekin H, Akkız H. HCV genotypes in HCV related chronic hepatitis in Southeast Anatolia. Turk J Gastroenterol, 1999;10:249-52.
- Yıldız E, Oztan A, Sur F, et al. Molecular characterization of a full genome Turkish hepatitis C virus 1b isolate (HCV-TR1): A predominant viral form in Turkey. Virus Gene 2002; 25: 169-177.
- Bozdayi AM, Aslan N, Bozdayi G, Turkyilmaz AR, Sengezer T, Wend U, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D viruses in Turkish patients. Arch Virol, 2004;149:2115-2129.
- Çil T, Özekinci T, Göral V, Altıntaş A. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde hepatit C virüsü genotipleri. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci, 2007; 27(4): 496-500.
- Ozbek E, Ozekinci T, Mese S, Atmaca S. Hepatitis C virus genotypes are changing in the Southeast of Turkey. Biotechnol Biotechnol Eq, 2009; 23(4): 1521-1523.
- Şanlıdağ T, Akcali S, Ozbakkaloğlu B, Ertekin D, Akduman E. Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in Manisa region, Turkey. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2009; 43(4): 613-618.
- Çelik C, Bakıcı MZ, Kaygusuz R, Ertürk R. Sivas yöresindeki HCV genotip dağılımlarının araştırılması. Viral Hepatit Derg, 2010; 16(3): 106-10.
- Kalayci R, Altindiş M, Gülamber G, Demirtürk N, Akcan Y, Demirdal T. Genotype distribution of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients and investigation of the resistance patterns in hepatitis B cases. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2010; 44(2): 237-243.
- Aktaş E, Ogedey ED, Külah C, Beğendik Cömert F. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in a province of Western Black-Sea region, Turkey. Mikrobiyol Bul, 2010; 44(4): 647-650.
- Karslıgil T, Savaş E, Savaş MC. Genotype distribution and 5' UTR nucleotide changes in hepatitis C virus. Balkan Med J, 2011; 28(3): 232-6.
- Chevaliez S, Pawlotsky JM. Hepatitis C virus serologic and virologic tests and clinical diagnosis of HCV-related liver disease. Int J Med Sci, 2006; 3: 35 – 40.
- Akıncı E, Bodur H. HCV Enfeksiyonlarında klinik ve Tanı. Viral Hepatit 2007. Viral Hepatitle Savaşım Derneği, 2007: 220 – 226.
- Pawlotsky JM. Molecular diagnosisof viral hepatitis. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1554 -1568
- Abdel-Hamid M, El-Daly M, Molnegren V, et al. Genetic diversity in hepatitis C virus in Egypt and possible association with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gen Virol, 2007; 88(5): 1526-31.
- Gheorghe L, Iacob S, Grigorescu M et al. High sustained virological response rate to combination therapy in genotype 1 patients with histologically mild hepatitis C, J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009;18(1):51-6.
- Hollinger FB. Factors contributing to the evolution and outcome of cirrhosis in hepatitis C. Clinics in Liver Disease, 1999; 3:741-755.
- Ramalho F, Costa A, Pires A et al: Correlation of genotypes and route of transmission with histologic activity and disease stage in chronic hepatitis C. Dig Dis Sci, 2000,45:182-187.
- Thomas DL, Lemon SM. Hepatitis C. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000: 1736-1760.
- Sherlock S, Dooley J. Chronic HCV infection. Diseases Of The Liver And Biliary System. 9th ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993: 357-369.
- Zein NN, Rakela J, Krawitt EL, Reddy KR, Tominaga T, Persing DH. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in the United States: Epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy. Collaborative Study Group. Ann Intern Med ,1996;125:634-639.
- Kurosaki M, Enomoto N, Murakami T, Sakuma I, Asahina Y, Yamamoto C, et al. Analysis of genotypes and amino acid residues 2209 to 2248 of the NS5A region of hepatitis C virus in relation to the response to interferon-beta therapy. Hepatology, 1997; 25:750-753.
- Gower E, Estes C, Blach S, Shearer K.R, Razav H. Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection. J of Hepatology, 2014; 61(1): 45–57.
- Yıldız E, Oztan A, Sur F, et al. Molecular characterization of a full genome Turkish hepatitis C virus 1b isolate (HCV-TR1): A predominant viral form in Turkey. Virus Gene, 2002; 25: 169-177.
- Tong MJ, el-Farra NS, Reikes AR, Co RL.Clinical outcomes after transfusion-associated hepatitis C. N Engl J Med, 1995;332:1463-1466.
- Pozzato G, Kaneko S, Moretti M, Croce LS, Franzin F, Unoura M, et al. Different genotypes of hepatitis C virus are associated with different severity of chronic liver disease. J Med Virol 1994;43:291-296.
- Lindsay KL. Therapy of hepatitis C: Overview. Hepatology 1997; 26(3):71-77.
- Reed KE, Rice CM. Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus. In: Reesink HW, ed. 2nd ed. Hepatitis C Virus. Basel: Karger, 1998;1-37
Details
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Original article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 2, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 9 Issue: 1 |
e-ISSN: 2548-0251
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