Abstract
Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death and a significant public health concern. The identification of individuals at risk for CAD has been a subject of research for many years. The Frank sign is one such approach.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted by searching the MEDLINE database through PubMed.
Results: The majority of studies were conducted in China, with sample sizes ranging from 125 to 1377. Male gender was significantly predominant, and the studies focused on older age groups, with a mean age of at least 51.9 years. The results of the studies indicated that the coexistence of both conditions, namely the Frank sign and CAD, exhibited a wide range of prevalence.
Conclusions: The Frank sign is an independent risk factor for CAD and can be utilized in diagnostic processes, particularly in the early identification of individuals at risk. However, further studies and larger series are necessary to confirm this conclusion.
References
- Wang Y, Mao LH, Jia EZ, Li ZY, Ding XQ, Ge PC, et al. Relationship between diagonal earlobe creases and coronary artery disease as determined via angiography. BMJ Open. 2016;6(2):e008558. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008558.
- Wu XL, Yang DY, Zhao YS, Chai WH, Jin ML. Diagonal earlobe crease and coronary artery disease in a Chinese population. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2014;14:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-43.
- Kamal R, Kausar K, Qavi AH, Minto MH, Ilyas F, Assad S, et al. Diagonal Earlobe Crease as a Significant Marker for Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-control Study. Cureus. 2017;9(2):e1013. doi: 10.7759/cureus.1013.
- Hou X, Jiang Y, Wang N, Shen Y, Wang X, Zhong Y, et al. The Combined Effect of Ear Lobe Crease and Conventional Risk Factor in the Diagnosis of Angiographically Diagnosed Coronary Artery Disease and the Short-Term Prognosis in Patients Who Underwent Coronary Stents. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(26):e815. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000815.
- Więckowski K, Gallina T, Surdacki A, Chyrchel B. Diagonal Earlobe Crease (Frank’s Sign) for Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies. J Clin Med. 2021;10(13):2799. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132799.
- Friedlander AH, Scully C. Diagonal ear lobe crease and atherosclerosis: a review of the medical literature and oral and maxillofacial implications. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68(12):3043-50. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.07.009.
- Sasaki O, Nishioka T, Sasaki H. Earlobe Creases as a Marker of the Risk for Coronary Atherosclerosis Before Angiography in Elderly and Non-elderly Patients. Cureus. 2023;15(3):e36609. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36609.
- Gakovic B, Neskovic SA, Vranic I, Grujicic K, Mijatovic S, Ljubojevic A, et al. The relationship of diagonal earlobe crease (Frank’s sign) and obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2023;135(23-24):667-673. doi: 10.1007/s00508-023-02297-y.
- Evrengül H, Dursunoğlu D, Kaftan A, Zoghi M, Tanriverdi H, Zungur M, et al. Bilateral diagonal earlobe crease and coronary artery disease: a significant association. Dermatology. 2004;209(4):271-5. doi: 10.1159/000080847.
- Kenny DJ, Gilligan D. Ear lobe crease and coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Cardiology. 1989;76(4):293-8. doi: 10.1159/000174506.
Abstract
Amaç: Koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) önde gelen bir ölüm nedenidir ve önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. KAH için risk altında olan bireylerin belirlenmesi uzun yıllardır araştırma konusu olmuştur. Frank işareti bu yaklaşımlardan biridir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma PubMed aracılığıyla MEDLINE veri tabanı taranarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaların çoğunluğu Çin’de gerçekleştirilmiş olup örneklem büyüklükleri 125 ila 1377 arasında değişmektedir. Erkek cinsiyet önemli ölçüde baskındır ve çalışmalar ortalama yaşı en az 51,9 olan ileri yaş gruplarına odaklanmıştır. Çalışmaların sonuçları, her iki durumun, yani Frank işareti ve KAH’ın bir arada bulunmasının geniş bir yaygınlık aralığı sergilediğini göstermiştir.
Sonuç: Frank işareti KAH için bağımsız bir risk faktörüdür ve tanı süreçlerinde, özellikle de risk altındaki bireylerin erken belirlenmesinde kullanılabilir. Ancak bu sonucun doğrulanması için daha fazla çalışmaya ve daha geniş serilere ihtiyaç vardır.
Keywords
References
- Wang Y, Mao LH, Jia EZ, Li ZY, Ding XQ, Ge PC, et al. Relationship between diagonal earlobe creases and coronary artery disease as determined via angiography. BMJ Open. 2016;6(2):e008558. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008558.
- Wu XL, Yang DY, Zhao YS, Chai WH, Jin ML. Diagonal earlobe crease and coronary artery disease in a Chinese population. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2014;14:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-43.
- Kamal R, Kausar K, Qavi AH, Minto MH, Ilyas F, Assad S, et al. Diagonal Earlobe Crease as a Significant Marker for Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-control Study. Cureus. 2017;9(2):e1013. doi: 10.7759/cureus.1013.
- Hou X, Jiang Y, Wang N, Shen Y, Wang X, Zhong Y, et al. The Combined Effect of Ear Lobe Crease and Conventional Risk Factor in the Diagnosis of Angiographically Diagnosed Coronary Artery Disease and the Short-Term Prognosis in Patients Who Underwent Coronary Stents. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(26):e815. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000815.
- Więckowski K, Gallina T, Surdacki A, Chyrchel B. Diagonal Earlobe Crease (Frank’s Sign) for Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies. J Clin Med. 2021;10(13):2799. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132799.
- Friedlander AH, Scully C. Diagonal ear lobe crease and atherosclerosis: a review of the medical literature and oral and maxillofacial implications. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68(12):3043-50. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.07.009.
- Sasaki O, Nishioka T, Sasaki H. Earlobe Creases as a Marker of the Risk for Coronary Atherosclerosis Before Angiography in Elderly and Non-elderly Patients. Cureus. 2023;15(3):e36609. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36609.
- Gakovic B, Neskovic SA, Vranic I, Grujicic K, Mijatovic S, Ljubojevic A, et al. The relationship of diagonal earlobe crease (Frank’s sign) and obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2023;135(23-24):667-673. doi: 10.1007/s00508-023-02297-y.
- Evrengül H, Dursunoğlu D, Kaftan A, Zoghi M, Tanriverdi H, Zungur M, et al. Bilateral diagonal earlobe crease and coronary artery disease: a significant association. Dermatology. 2004;209(4):271-5. doi: 10.1159/000080847.
- Kenny DJ, Gilligan D. Ear lobe crease and coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Cardiology. 1989;76(4):293-8. doi: 10.1159/000174506.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Emergency Medicine |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | May 9, 2024 |
| Publication Date | |
| Submission Date | February 24, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | April 28, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 |
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