Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ILLNESS PERCEPTION AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, COPING, SELF-EFFICACY IN CASES DIAGNOSED WITH BIPOLAR DISORDER

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 356 - 366, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1095287

Abstract

Objective
Even though the importance of illness perception in
the clinical course of many physical diseases and
certain mental disorders has been well documented,
little is known about illness perception in bipolar
disorder. This study reveals the relationship between
illness perception, coping styles, and self-efficacy in
patients with bipolar disorder. Secondly, to investigate
the effects of these variables on the clinical course.
Material and Method
In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated a cohort
of 157 subjects with bipolar disorder recruited from
March 2021 to September 2021. Illness perception
was measured using the Turkish version of the Brief
Illness Perception Questionnaire. Self-efficacy was
assessed using the Self-Efficacy Scale. Coping was
evaluated using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire.
Results
Of 157 patients who had bipolar disorder ages’ mean
was 42.08±12.92. 84 (53.5%) of these participants
were female, 73 (46.5%) of them were male. Brief
Illness Perception Questionnaire had a negative
correlation between General Self-Efficacy Scale
(p<0.001; r=-0.376); and had a negative correlation
between The Ways of Coping Questionnaire’s
subscales planful problem-solving (r=-0.286;
p<0.001); positive reappraisal (r=-0.337; p<0.001);
escape-avoidance (r=0.216; p=0.020). Linear
regression analysis was performed to predict the Brief
Illness Perception Questionnaire, it was found that
a significant regression model [F (5,151) =13.769;
p<0.001], and 29%, of the variance in the dependent
variable, were explained by the independent variables.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that illness perceptions are
linked with self-efficacy, coping style, and clinical
characteristics in patients with BD. Interventions that
increase favorable illness perceptions and decrease
negative illness perceptions may improve disease
outcomes.

References

  • 1. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5: American psychiatric association Washington, DC; 2013.
  • 2. Yaman AR, Kuzugüdenlioğlu Ulusoy D; Dönmez F. The Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Temperament and Oxytocin Levels In Bipolar Patients. Med J SDU 2020; 27(3): 289-300.
  • 3. Bauer M, Glenn T, Rasgon N, Marsh W, Sagduyu K, Munoz R, et al. Association between age of onset and mood in bipolar disorder: comparison of subgroups identified by cluster analysis and clinical observation. J Psychiatr Res. 2010;44(16):1170-5.
  • 4. Hirschfeld RM, Calabrese JR, Weissman MM, Reed M, Davies MA, Frye MA, et al. Screening for bipolar disorder in the community. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(1):53-9.
  • 5. Merikangas KR, Jin R, He JP, Kessler RC, Lee S, Sampson NA, et al. Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the world mental health survey initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(3):241-51.
  • 6. He H, Hu C, Ren Z, Bai L, Gao F, Lyu J. Trends in the incidence and DALYs of bipolar disorder at global, regional, and national levels: Results from the global burden of Disease Study 2017. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;125:96-105.
  • 7. Faurholt-Jepsen M, Vinberg M, Frost M, Christensen EM, Bardram JE, Kessing LV. Smartphone data as an electronic biomarker of illness activity in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2015;17(7):715-728.
  • 8. Michalak EE, Morton E, Barnes SJ, Hole R, Crest.Bd, Murray G. Supporting Self-Management in Bipolar Disorder: Mixed-Methods Knowledge Translation Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2019;6(4):e13493.
  • 9. Proudfoot J, Parker G, Manicavasagar V, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Whitton A, Nicholas J, et al. Effects of adjunctive peer support on perceptions of illness control and understanding in an online psychoeducation program for bipolar disorder: a randomised controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2012;142(1-3):98-105.
  • 10. Subramaniam M, Abdin E, Jeyagurunathan A, Chang S, Samari E, Shafie S, et al. Exploration of illness perception among patients with mental illness in a multi-ethnic Asian sample. Psychiatry Res. 2018;267:516-27.
  • 11. Lin EC, Weintraub MJ, Miklowitz DJ, Chen PS, Lee SK, Chen HC, et al. The associations between illness perceptions and social rhythm stability on mood symptoms among patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2020;273:517-23.
  • 12. Berner C, Erlacher L, Fenzl KH, Dorner TE. A cross-sectional study on self-reported physical and mental health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis and the role of illness perception. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):238.
  • 13. Kwon M, Kang J. Mediating effect of illness perception on the relationship between Type D personality and health behaviors among coronary artery disease patients. Health Psychol Open. 2018;5(2):2055102918817228.
  • 14. Lee Y, Baek JM, Jeon YW, Im EO. Illness perception and sense of well-being in breast cancer patients. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2019;13:1557-67.
  • 15. Ruksakulpiwat S, Liu Z, Yue S, Fan Y. The Association Among Medication Beliefs, Perception of Illness and Medication Adherence in Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2020;14:235-47.
  • 16. Kim S, Kim E, Ryu E. Illness Perceptions, Self-Care Management, and Clinical Outcomes According to Age-Group in Korean Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(22).
  • 17. Averous P, Charbonnier E, Lagouanelle-Simeoni MC, Prosperi A, Dany L. Illness perceptions and adherence in bipolar disorder: An exploratory study. Compr Psychiat. 2018;80:109-15.
  • 18. Mathew AJ, Samuel B, Jacob KS. Perceptions of Illness in Self and in Others among Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Int J Soc Psychiatr. 2010;56(5):462-70.
  • 19. Oflaz S, Guveli H, Kalelioglu T, Akyazi S, Yildizhan E, Kilic KC, et al. Illness perception of dropout patients followed up at bipolar outpatient clinic, Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;15:68-72.
  • 20. Atay IM, Erturan I. The impact of coping strategies in behcet's disease: A case-control study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(5):680-5.
  • 21. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping: Springer publishing company; 1984.
  • 22. Bandura A. Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol. 1989;44(9):1175-84.
  • 23. Bandura A, Freeman WH, Lightsey R. Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. J Cogn Psychother. 1999;13:158-166.
  • 24. Abraham KM, Miller CJ, Birgenheir DG, Lai Z, Kilbourne AM. Self-efficacy and quality of life among people with bipolar disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2014;202(8):583-588.
  • 25. Smith LM, Erceg-Hurn DM, McEvoy PM, Lim L. Self-efficacy in bipolar disorder: Development and validation of a self-report scale. J Affect Disord. 2020;262:108-17.
  • 26. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;133(5):429-35.
  • 27. Karadağ F, Oral T, Yalcin FA, Erten E. Reliability and validity of Turkish translation of young mania rating scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2022;33(1):44-52.
  • 28. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23:56-62.
  • 29. Akdemir A, Turkcapar MH, Orsel SD, Demirergi N, Dag I, Ozbay MH. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Compr Psychiatry. 2001;42(2):161-5.
  • 30. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Main J, Weinman J. The brief illness perception questionnaire. J Psychosom Res. 2006;60(6):631-7.
  • 31. Karatas T, Ozen S, Kutluturkan S. Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in Turkish Cancer Patients. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2017;4(1):77-83.
  • 32. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Dunkel-Schetter C, DeLongis A, Gruen RJ. Dynamics of a stressful encounter: cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50(5):992-1003.
  • 33. Senol-Durak E, Durak M, Elagoz FO. Testing the psychometric properties of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) in Turkish university students and community samples. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011;18(2):172-85.
  • 34. Magaletta PR, Oliver JM. The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with self-efficacy, optimism, and general well-being. J Clin Psychol. 1999;55(5):539-51.
  • 35. Sherer M, Maddux JE, Mercandante B, Prenticedunn S, Jacobs B, Rogers RW. The Self-Efficacy Scale - Construction and Validation. Psychol Rep. 1982;51(2):663-71.
  • 36. Yildirim F, Ilhan IO. Genel Özyeterlilik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalişmasi [The validity and reliability of the general self-efficacy scale-Turkish form]. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2010;21(4):301-308.
  • 37. Hou R, Cleak V, Peveler R. Do treatment and illness beliefs influence adherence to medication in patients with bipolar affective disorder? A preliminary cross-sectional study. Eur Psychiatry. 2010;25(4):216-9.
  • 38. Lobban F, Solis-Trapala I, Tyler E, Chandler C, Morriss RKJCt. The role of beliefs about mood swings in determining outcome in bipolar disorder. Cogn Ther Res. 2013;37(1):51-60.
  • 39. August KJ, Sorkin DH. Marital status and gender differences in managing a chronic illness: the function of health-related social control. Soc Sci Med. 2010;71(10):1831-8.
  • 40. Soubhi H, Fortin M, Hudon C. Perceived conflict in the couple and chronic illness management: preliminary analyses from the Quebec Health Survey. BMC Fam Pract. 2006;7:59.
  • 41. Granek L, Danan D, Bersudsky Y, Osher Y. Living with bipolar disorder: the impact on patients, spouses, and their marital relationship. Bipolar Disord. 2016;18(2):192-9.
  • 42. Grover S, Nehra R, Thakur A. Bipolar affective disorder and its impact on various aspects of marital relationship. Ind Psychiatry J. 2017;26(2):114-20.
  • 43. Magalhaes PV, Dodd S, Nierenberg AA, Berk M. Cumulative morbidity and prognostic staging of illness in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD). Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2012;46(11):1058-67.
  • 44. Oflaz S, Guveli H, Kalelioglu T, Akyazi S, Yildizhan E, Kilic KC, et al. Illness perception of dropout patients followed up at bipolar outpatient clinic, Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;15:68-72.
  • 45. Lim L, Nathan P, O'Brien-Malone A, Williams S. A qualitative approach to identifying psychosocial issues faced by bipolar patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004;192(12):810-7.
  • 46. Lau-Walker M. Predicting self-efficacy using illness perception components: a patient survey. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 4):643-61.
  • 47. Dempster M, Howell D, McCorry NK. Illness perceptions and coping in physical health conditions: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res. 2015;79(6):506-13.

BİPOLAR BOZUKLUK TANILI OLGULARDA HASTALIK ALGISININ KLİNİK ÖZELLİKLER, BAŞ ETME VE ÖZYETERLİLİK İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 356 - 366, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1095287

Abstract

Amaç
Birçok fiziksel hastalığın ve bazı ruhsal bozuklukların
klinik seyrinde hastalık algısının rolü iyi tanımlanmış
olmasına rağmen, şu ana kadar bipolar bozukluk ile
ilişkili hastalık algısı hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir.
Bu çalışmada bipolar bozukluk tanısı olan olgularda
hastalık algısı, baş etme tarzları ve öz-yeterlilik
arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek bu değişkenlerin klinik
seyir üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Bu kesitsel çalışmada, Mart 2021- Eylül 2021 tarihleri
arasında bipolar bozukluğu olan 157 katılımcıdan oluşan
bir kohortu değerlendirdik. Veri toplama araçları
olarak Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Kısa Hastalık
Algısı Ölçeği, Özyeterlilik Ölçeği ve Stresle Başa Çıkma
Tarzları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular
Olguların yaş ortalaması 42.08±12.92 yıl idi. Bu katılımcıların
84'ü (%53.5) kadın, 73'ü (%46.5) erkekti.
Kısa Hastalık Algısı Ölçeği ile Genel Öz-yeterlilik
Ölçeği arasında negatif korelasyon vardı (r=-0.376;
p<0.001). Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeğinin planlı
problem çözme (r=-0.286; p<0.001); olumlu yeniden
değerlendirme (r=-0.337; p<0.001); kaçma-kaçınma
(r=0.216; p=0.020) alt boyutları arasında bir ilişki vardı.
Kısa Hastalık Algı Anketini tahmin etmek için lineer
regresyon analizi yapıldı, anlamlı bir regresyon modeli
olduğu bulundu [F (5,151) =13.769; p<0.001] ve bağımlı
değişkenlerdeki varyansın %29’unun bağımsız
değişkenler tarafından açıklandığı gözlendi.
Sonuç
Bu çalışma, BB tanılı hastalarda hastalık algılarının
özyeterlilik, başa çıkma tarzı ve klinik özellikler ile
bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Olumlu hastalık
algılarını artıran ve olumsuz hastalık algılarını azaltan
müdahaleler, hastalık sonuçları üzerinde iyileştirici bir
etkiye sahip olabilir.

References

  • 1. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5: American psychiatric association Washington, DC; 2013.
  • 2. Yaman AR, Kuzugüdenlioğlu Ulusoy D; Dönmez F. The Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Temperament and Oxytocin Levels In Bipolar Patients. Med J SDU 2020; 27(3): 289-300.
  • 3. Bauer M, Glenn T, Rasgon N, Marsh W, Sagduyu K, Munoz R, et al. Association between age of onset and mood in bipolar disorder: comparison of subgroups identified by cluster analysis and clinical observation. J Psychiatr Res. 2010;44(16):1170-5.
  • 4. Hirschfeld RM, Calabrese JR, Weissman MM, Reed M, Davies MA, Frye MA, et al. Screening for bipolar disorder in the community. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(1):53-9.
  • 5. Merikangas KR, Jin R, He JP, Kessler RC, Lee S, Sampson NA, et al. Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the world mental health survey initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(3):241-51.
  • 6. He H, Hu C, Ren Z, Bai L, Gao F, Lyu J. Trends in the incidence and DALYs of bipolar disorder at global, regional, and national levels: Results from the global burden of Disease Study 2017. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;125:96-105.
  • 7. Faurholt-Jepsen M, Vinberg M, Frost M, Christensen EM, Bardram JE, Kessing LV. Smartphone data as an electronic biomarker of illness activity in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2015;17(7):715-728.
  • 8. Michalak EE, Morton E, Barnes SJ, Hole R, Crest.Bd, Murray G. Supporting Self-Management in Bipolar Disorder: Mixed-Methods Knowledge Translation Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2019;6(4):e13493.
  • 9. Proudfoot J, Parker G, Manicavasagar V, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Whitton A, Nicholas J, et al. Effects of adjunctive peer support on perceptions of illness control and understanding in an online psychoeducation program for bipolar disorder: a randomised controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2012;142(1-3):98-105.
  • 10. Subramaniam M, Abdin E, Jeyagurunathan A, Chang S, Samari E, Shafie S, et al. Exploration of illness perception among patients with mental illness in a multi-ethnic Asian sample. Psychiatry Res. 2018;267:516-27.
  • 11. Lin EC, Weintraub MJ, Miklowitz DJ, Chen PS, Lee SK, Chen HC, et al. The associations between illness perceptions and social rhythm stability on mood symptoms among patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2020;273:517-23.
  • 12. Berner C, Erlacher L, Fenzl KH, Dorner TE. A cross-sectional study on self-reported physical and mental health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis and the role of illness perception. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):238.
  • 13. Kwon M, Kang J. Mediating effect of illness perception on the relationship between Type D personality and health behaviors among coronary artery disease patients. Health Psychol Open. 2018;5(2):2055102918817228.
  • 14. Lee Y, Baek JM, Jeon YW, Im EO. Illness perception and sense of well-being in breast cancer patients. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2019;13:1557-67.
  • 15. Ruksakulpiwat S, Liu Z, Yue S, Fan Y. The Association Among Medication Beliefs, Perception of Illness and Medication Adherence in Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2020;14:235-47.
  • 16. Kim S, Kim E, Ryu E. Illness Perceptions, Self-Care Management, and Clinical Outcomes According to Age-Group in Korean Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(22).
  • 17. Averous P, Charbonnier E, Lagouanelle-Simeoni MC, Prosperi A, Dany L. Illness perceptions and adherence in bipolar disorder: An exploratory study. Compr Psychiat. 2018;80:109-15.
  • 18. Mathew AJ, Samuel B, Jacob KS. Perceptions of Illness in Self and in Others among Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Int J Soc Psychiatr. 2010;56(5):462-70.
  • 19. Oflaz S, Guveli H, Kalelioglu T, Akyazi S, Yildizhan E, Kilic KC, et al. Illness perception of dropout patients followed up at bipolar outpatient clinic, Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;15:68-72.
  • 20. Atay IM, Erturan I. The impact of coping strategies in behcet's disease: A case-control study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(5):680-5.
  • 21. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping: Springer publishing company; 1984.
  • 22. Bandura A. Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol. 1989;44(9):1175-84.
  • 23. Bandura A, Freeman WH, Lightsey R. Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. J Cogn Psychother. 1999;13:158-166.
  • 24. Abraham KM, Miller CJ, Birgenheir DG, Lai Z, Kilbourne AM. Self-efficacy and quality of life among people with bipolar disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2014;202(8):583-588.
  • 25. Smith LM, Erceg-Hurn DM, McEvoy PM, Lim L. Self-efficacy in bipolar disorder: Development and validation of a self-report scale. J Affect Disord. 2020;262:108-17.
  • 26. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;133(5):429-35.
  • 27. Karadağ F, Oral T, Yalcin FA, Erten E. Reliability and validity of Turkish translation of young mania rating scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2022;33(1):44-52.
  • 28. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23:56-62.
  • 29. Akdemir A, Turkcapar MH, Orsel SD, Demirergi N, Dag I, Ozbay MH. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Compr Psychiatry. 2001;42(2):161-5.
  • 30. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Main J, Weinman J. The brief illness perception questionnaire. J Psychosom Res. 2006;60(6):631-7.
  • 31. Karatas T, Ozen S, Kutluturkan S. Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in Turkish Cancer Patients. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2017;4(1):77-83.
  • 32. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Dunkel-Schetter C, DeLongis A, Gruen RJ. Dynamics of a stressful encounter: cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50(5):992-1003.
  • 33. Senol-Durak E, Durak M, Elagoz FO. Testing the psychometric properties of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) in Turkish university students and community samples. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011;18(2):172-85.
  • 34. Magaletta PR, Oliver JM. The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with self-efficacy, optimism, and general well-being. J Clin Psychol. 1999;55(5):539-51.
  • 35. Sherer M, Maddux JE, Mercandante B, Prenticedunn S, Jacobs B, Rogers RW. The Self-Efficacy Scale - Construction and Validation. Psychol Rep. 1982;51(2):663-71.
  • 36. Yildirim F, Ilhan IO. Genel Özyeterlilik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalişmasi [The validity and reliability of the general self-efficacy scale-Turkish form]. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2010;21(4):301-308.
  • 37. Hou R, Cleak V, Peveler R. Do treatment and illness beliefs influence adherence to medication in patients with bipolar affective disorder? A preliminary cross-sectional study. Eur Psychiatry. 2010;25(4):216-9.
  • 38. Lobban F, Solis-Trapala I, Tyler E, Chandler C, Morriss RKJCt. The role of beliefs about mood swings in determining outcome in bipolar disorder. Cogn Ther Res. 2013;37(1):51-60.
  • 39. August KJ, Sorkin DH. Marital status and gender differences in managing a chronic illness: the function of health-related social control. Soc Sci Med. 2010;71(10):1831-8.
  • 40. Soubhi H, Fortin M, Hudon C. Perceived conflict in the couple and chronic illness management: preliminary analyses from the Quebec Health Survey. BMC Fam Pract. 2006;7:59.
  • 41. Granek L, Danan D, Bersudsky Y, Osher Y. Living with bipolar disorder: the impact on patients, spouses, and their marital relationship. Bipolar Disord. 2016;18(2):192-9.
  • 42. Grover S, Nehra R, Thakur A. Bipolar affective disorder and its impact on various aspects of marital relationship. Ind Psychiatry J. 2017;26(2):114-20.
  • 43. Magalhaes PV, Dodd S, Nierenberg AA, Berk M. Cumulative morbidity and prognostic staging of illness in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD). Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2012;46(11):1058-67.
  • 44. Oflaz S, Guveli H, Kalelioglu T, Akyazi S, Yildizhan E, Kilic KC, et al. Illness perception of dropout patients followed up at bipolar outpatient clinic, Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;15:68-72.
  • 45. Lim L, Nathan P, O'Brien-Malone A, Williams S. A qualitative approach to identifying psychosocial issues faced by bipolar patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004;192(12):810-7.
  • 46. Lau-Walker M. Predicting self-efficacy using illness perception components: a patient survey. Br J Health Psychol. 2006;11(Pt 4):643-61.
  • 47. Dempster M, Howell D, McCorry NK. Illness perceptions and coping in physical health conditions: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res. 2015;79(6):506-13.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gülin Özdamar Ünal 0000-0002-6750-468X

Gizem Çağla Aktaş 0000-0002-4640-6044

Gökçe İşcan 0000-0003-0848-5201

İnci Atay 0000-0002-5124-5556

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Submission Date March 29, 2022
Acceptance Date April 23, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 29 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Özdamar Ünal G, Aktaş GÇ, İşcan G, Atay İ. INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ILLNESS PERCEPTION AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, COPING, SELF-EFFICACY IN CASES DIAGNOSED WITH BIPOLAR DISORDER. Med J SDU. 2022;29(3):356-6.

                                                                                               14791 


Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi/Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International.