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Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri

Year 2023, Volume: 49 Issue: 3, 411 - 416, 31.12.2023

Özlem Saraydaroğlu Rabia Dölek Özen Öz Gül Ercüment Gürlüler

https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1386445

Abstract

Tüm tiroid kanserleri içinde en agresif ve mortal seyirli kanser türü olan anaplastik karsinom, andiferansiye follikül epitel hücrelerinden kaynaklanır. Genellikle ileri yaşta ortaya çıkar. Hızlı büyüyen boyun kitlesi, yutma güçlüğü, ses kısıklığı, solunum güçlüğü en sık görülen başvuru yakınmalarıdır. 2011-2022 yılları arasında merkezimizde anaplastik karsinom tanısı almış 18 olguda klinik, histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal bulguların tanıdaki yeri ve sağ kalım özellikleri literatür bilgileri ışığında tartışıldı. Klinik seyir ve görüntüleme yöntemleri anaplastik karsinom için kuşku uyandırır ancak kesin tanı patolojik olarak anaplastik morfolojinin görülmesi ve yardımcı bazı immünohistokimyasal ve/veya moleküler tetkiklerin yapılması ile konur. Farklı histopatolojik görünümlere sahip olabilen bu tümörlerde andiferansiye özellikler gösteren karsinomlar, sarkomlar ve lenfomalar ayırıcı tanı içine alınmalıdır.

Keywords

Anaplastik Andiferansiye İmmünohistokimya Tiroid

References

  • 1. Karaman N, Yılmaz KB, Özaslan C, Altınok M. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcome. Acta Oncologica Turcica 2009;42:1-7.
  • 2. Abe I, Lam AK. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Updates on WHO classification, clinicopathological features and staging. Histol Histopathol 2021 Mar;36(3):239-48.
  • 3. Kebebew E, Greenspan FS, Clark OH, Woeber KA, McMillan A. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Treatment outcome and prognostic factors. Cancer 2005 Apr;103(7):1330-5.
  • 4. Smallridge RC, Copland JA. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies. Clinical Oncology 2010;22:486–97.
  • 5. El-Nagger AK, Baloch ZW, Eng C, Evans HJ, Fagin JA, Faquin WC. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. In: Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Koppel G and Rosai J (eds). WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. 4th edition. Lyon: IARC; 2017. 104-6.
  • 6. Nagiah G, Hosain A, Mooney CJ, Parmentier J, Remick SC. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment. J Oncol 2011;2011:542358.
  • 7. Are C, Shaha AR. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Biology, pathogenesis, prognostic factors and treatment approaches. Ann Surg Oncol 2006;13(4):453-64.
  • 8. Mclver B, Hay ID, Giuffrida DF et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: A 50-year experience at a single institution. Surgery 2001;130:1028-34.
  • 9. Lo CY, Lam KY, Wan KY. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Am J Surg 1999;177:337-9.
  • 10. Chintakuntlawar AV, Foote RL, Kasperbauer JL, Bible KC. Diagnosis and Management of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2019 Mar;48(1):269-84.
  • 11. Deeken-Draisey A, Yang GY, Gao J, Alexiev BA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an epidemiologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular single-institution study. Hum Pathol 2018 Dec;82:140-8.
  • 12. Besic N, Hocevar M, Zgajnar J, et al. Prognostic factors in anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid-a multivariate survival analysis of 188 patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005 Jun;390(3):203-8.
  • 13. Tan RK, Finley RK III, Driscoll D, et al. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a 24 year experience. Head Neck 1995;17:41-8.
  • 14. Ain KB. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: behaviour, biology and therapeutic approaches. Thyroid 1998;8:715-26.
  • 15. Yang J, Barletta JA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020;37(5):248-56.
  • 16. Bai Y, Kakudo K, Jung CK. Updates in the pathologic classification of thyroid neoplasms: a review of the World Health Organization classification. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020;35(4):696-715.
  • 17. Liu J, Cui N, Ding W, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with chondrosarcomatous differentiation: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul 21;15(1):89.
  • 18. Baloch ZW, Asa SL, Barletta JA, et al. Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms. Endocr Pathol 2022 Mar;33(1):27-63.
  • 19. Juhlin CC, Mete O, Baloch ZW. The 2022 WHO Classification of thyroid tumors: novel concepts in nomenclature and grading. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022 Dec;30(2):e220293.
  • 20. Lam AK. Squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid: a unique type of cancer in World Health Organization Classification. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020;27:R177-92.
  • 21. Miettinen M, Franssila KO. Variable expression of keratins and nearly uniform lack of thyroid transcription factor 1 in thyroid anaplastic carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2000;31:1139–45.
  • 22. Ordonez NG, El-Naggar AK, Hickey RC, Samaan NA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Immunocytochemical study of 32 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1991; 96:15–24.
  • 23. Talbott I, Wakely Jr PE. Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma: Practical immunohistochemistry and cytologic look-alikes. Semin Diagn Pathol 2015 Jul;32(4):305-10.
  • 24. Lam KY, Lo CY, Chan KW and Wan KY. Insular and anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a 45 year comparative study at a single institution and a review of the significance of p53 and p21. Ann Surg 231;329-38.
  • 25. Xu B, Fuchs T, Dogan S, et al. Dissecting anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a comprehensive clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular study of 360 cases. Thyroid 2020;30:1505–17.
  • 26. Cornett WR, Sharma AK, Day TA, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an overview. Curr Oncol Rep 2007 Mar;9(2):152-8.

Morphological and Immunohistochemical Findings in the Diagnosis of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A 10-Year Series

Year 2023, Volume: 49 Issue: 3, 411 - 416, 31.12.2023

Özlem Saraydaroğlu Rabia Dölek Özen Öz Gül Ercüment Gürlüler

https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1386445

Abstract

Anaplastic carcinoma, the most aggressive and mortal type of thyroid cancer, arises from undifferentiated follicular epithelial cells. It is usually encountered in older ages. Rapidly growing mass in neck, difficulty in swallowing, hoarseness and difficulty breathing are the most common presenting symptoms. 18 cases diagnosed with anaplastic carcinoma between 2011 and 2022 in our center, were evaluated. Clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical findings and survival characteristics of the cases were discussed in light of literature. Clinical and imaging findings raise suspicion for anaplastic carcinoma, but the definitive diagnosis is made histopathologically by observing the anaplastic morphology and using immunohistochemical and/or molecular tests. For these tumors which may have different histopathological appearances, carcinomas with undifferentiated features, sarcomas and lymphomas should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Keywords

Anaplastic Immunohistochemistry Thyroid Undifferentiated

References

  • 1. Karaman N, Yılmaz KB, Özaslan C, Altınok M. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcome. Acta Oncologica Turcica 2009;42:1-7.
  • 2. Abe I, Lam AK. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Updates on WHO classification, clinicopathological features and staging. Histol Histopathol 2021 Mar;36(3):239-48.
  • 3. Kebebew E, Greenspan FS, Clark OH, Woeber KA, McMillan A. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Treatment outcome and prognostic factors. Cancer 2005 Apr;103(7):1330-5.
  • 4. Smallridge RC, Copland JA. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies. Clinical Oncology 2010;22:486–97.
  • 5. El-Nagger AK, Baloch ZW, Eng C, Evans HJ, Fagin JA, Faquin WC. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. In: Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Koppel G and Rosai J (eds). WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. 4th edition. Lyon: IARC; 2017. 104-6.
  • 6. Nagiah G, Hosain A, Mooney CJ, Parmentier J, Remick SC. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment. J Oncol 2011;2011:542358.
  • 7. Are C, Shaha AR. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Biology, pathogenesis, prognostic factors and treatment approaches. Ann Surg Oncol 2006;13(4):453-64.
  • 8. Mclver B, Hay ID, Giuffrida DF et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: A 50-year experience at a single institution. Surgery 2001;130:1028-34.
  • 9. Lo CY, Lam KY, Wan KY. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Am J Surg 1999;177:337-9.
  • 10. Chintakuntlawar AV, Foote RL, Kasperbauer JL, Bible KC. Diagnosis and Management of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2019 Mar;48(1):269-84.
  • 11. Deeken-Draisey A, Yang GY, Gao J, Alexiev BA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an epidemiologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular single-institution study. Hum Pathol 2018 Dec;82:140-8.
  • 12. Besic N, Hocevar M, Zgajnar J, et al. Prognostic factors in anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid-a multivariate survival analysis of 188 patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005 Jun;390(3):203-8.
  • 13. Tan RK, Finley RK III, Driscoll D, et al. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a 24 year experience. Head Neck 1995;17:41-8.
  • 14. Ain KB. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: behaviour, biology and therapeutic approaches. Thyroid 1998;8:715-26.
  • 15. Yang J, Barletta JA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020;37(5):248-56.
  • 16. Bai Y, Kakudo K, Jung CK. Updates in the pathologic classification of thyroid neoplasms: a review of the World Health Organization classification. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020;35(4):696-715.
  • 17. Liu J, Cui N, Ding W, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with chondrosarcomatous differentiation: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul 21;15(1):89.
  • 18. Baloch ZW, Asa SL, Barletta JA, et al. Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms. Endocr Pathol 2022 Mar;33(1):27-63.
  • 19. Juhlin CC, Mete O, Baloch ZW. The 2022 WHO Classification of thyroid tumors: novel concepts in nomenclature and grading. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022 Dec;30(2):e220293.
  • 20. Lam AK. Squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid: a unique type of cancer in World Health Organization Classification. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020;27:R177-92.
  • 21. Miettinen M, Franssila KO. Variable expression of keratins and nearly uniform lack of thyroid transcription factor 1 in thyroid anaplastic carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2000;31:1139–45.
  • 22. Ordonez NG, El-Naggar AK, Hickey RC, Samaan NA. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Immunocytochemical study of 32 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1991; 96:15–24.
  • 23. Talbott I, Wakely Jr PE. Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma: Practical immunohistochemistry and cytologic look-alikes. Semin Diagn Pathol 2015 Jul;32(4):305-10.
  • 24. Lam KY, Lo CY, Chan KW and Wan KY. Insular and anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a 45 year comparative study at a single institution and a review of the significance of p53 and p21. Ann Surg 231;329-38.
  • 25. Xu B, Fuchs T, Dogan S, et al. Dissecting anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a comprehensive clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular study of 360 cases. Thyroid 2020;30:1505–17.
  • 26. Cornett WR, Sharma AK, Day TA, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an overview. Curr Oncol Rep 2007 Mar;9(2):152-8.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Pathology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Özlem Saraydaroğlu 0000-0002-4127-9656

Rabia Dölek 0000-0002-1751-7693

Özen Öz Gül 0000-0002-1332-4165

Ercüment Gürlüler 0000-0002-6008-5494

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date November 7, 2023
Acceptance Date December 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 49 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Saraydaroğlu, Ö., Dölek, R., Öz Gül, Ö., Gürlüler, E. (2023). Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 49(3), 411-416. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1386445
AMA Saraydaroğlu Ö, Dölek R, Öz Gül Ö, Gürlüler E. Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. December 2023;49(3):411-416. doi:10.32708/uutfd.1386445
Chicago Saraydaroğlu, Özlem, Rabia Dölek, Özen Öz Gül, and Ercüment Gürlüler. “Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik Ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 49, no. 3 (December 2023): 411-16. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1386445.
EndNote Saraydaroğlu Ö, Dölek R, Öz Gül Ö, Gürlüler E (December 1, 2023) Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 49 3 411–416.
IEEE Ö. Saraydaroğlu, R. Dölek, Ö. Öz Gül, and E. Gürlüler, “Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri”, Uludağ Tıp Derg, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 411–416, 2023, doi: 10.32708/uutfd.1386445.
ISNAD Saraydaroğlu, Özlem et al. “Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik Ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 49/3 (December 2023), 411-416. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1386445.
JAMA Saraydaroğlu Ö, Dölek R, Öz Gül Ö, Gürlüler E. Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2023;49:411–416.
MLA Saraydaroğlu, Özlem et al. “Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik Ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 49, no. 3, 2023, pp. 411-6, doi:10.32708/uutfd.1386445.
Vancouver Saraydaroğlu Ö, Dölek R, Öz Gül Ö, Gürlüler E. Anaplastik Tiroid Karsinomu Tanısında Morfolojik ve İmmünohistokimyasal Bulguların Yeri: 10 Yıllık Seri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2023;49(3):411-6.
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