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The Role of Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 22, 370 - 382, 30.04.2024

Merve Özdemir Pelin Bilgiç

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1327059

Öz

Recent studies suggest that dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in both reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Advanced glycation end products are reactive molecules formed by the non-enzymatic glycation process between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids or nucleic acids. Advanced glycation end products may contribute to the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome by activating key intracellular signaling pathways, stimulating the formation of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. While advanced glycation end products can occur endogenously under normal metabolic conditions, they can also be taken into the body exogenously, especially when consuming foods cooked and processed at high temperatures such as frying, baking or grilling. It has been reported that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have increased serum levels of AGEs, which cause anovulation and hyperandrogenism in ovarian tissue. This review aims to present the role of advanced glycation end products as mediators of metabolic and reproductive changes in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Advanced Glycation end Products food PCOS

Kaynakça

  • 1. Zeng X, Xie YJ, Liu YT, Long SL, Mo ZC. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;502:214-221. doi: 10.1016/J.Cca.2019.11.003.
  • 2. Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, management, and drug repurposing. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2) doi: 10.3390/Ijms23020583.
  • 3. Rutkowska AZ, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental toxins. Fertil Steril. 2016;106(4):948-58. doi: 10.1016/J.Fertnstert.2016.08.031.
  • 4. Azziz R. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstetrics And Gynecology. 2018;132(2):321-336. doi: 10.1097/Aog.0000000000002698.
  • 5. Jin P, Xie Y. Treatment strategies for women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018;34(4):272-277. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1395841.
  • 6. Patel S. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy. The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology. 2018;182:27-36. doi: 10.1016/J.Jsbmb.2018.04.008.
  • 7. Garg D, Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products: link between diet and ovulatory dysfunction ın PCOS? Nutrients. 2015;7(12):10129-44. doi: 10.3390/Nu7125524.
  • 8. Pertynska-Marczewska M, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Zhang J, Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products: a link between metabolic and endothelial dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome? Metabolism: Clinical And Experimental. 2015;64(11):1564-73.
  • 9. Tavares JF, Ribeiro PVM, Coelho OGL, Silva LED, Alfenas RCG. Can advanced glycation end-products and their receptors be affected by weight loss? a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2020;21(6):E13000. doi: 10.1111/Obr.13000.
  • 10. Zhu JL, Cai YQ, Long SL, Chen Z, Mo ZC. The role of advanced glycation end products in human infertility. Life Sciences. 2020;255:117830.
  • 11. Merhi Z, Kandaraki EA, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. ımplications and future perspectives of ages in PCOS pathophysiology. Trends In Endocrinology And Metabolism: TEM. 2019;30(3):150-162. doi: 10.1016/J.Tem.2019.01.005.
  • 12. Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products and their relevance in female reproduction. Human Reproduction (Oxford, England). 2014;29(1):135-45. doi: 10.1093/Humrep/Det383.
  • 13. Vlassara H, Uribarri J. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and diabetes: cause, effect, or both? Current Diabetes Reports. 2014;14(1):453.
  • 14. Mouanness M, Merhi Z. Impact of dietary advanced glycation end products on female reproduction: review of potential mechanistic pathways. Nutrients. 2022;14(5):966.
  • 15. Zhang Q, Wang Y, Fu L. Dietary advanced glycation end-products: perspectives linking food processing with health implications. Comprehensive Reviews In Food Science And Food Safety. 2020;19(5):2559-2587. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12593.
  • 16. Merhi Z. Crosstalk between advanced glycation end products and vitamin D: a compelling paradigm for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. Molecular And Cellular Endocrinology. 2019;479:20-26. doi: 10.1016/J.Mce.2018.08.010.
  • 17. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Patsouris E, et al. Immunohistochemical localization of advanced glycation end-products (AGES) and their receptor (RAGE) in polycystic and normal ovaries. Histochemistry And Cell Biology. 2007;127(6):581-9. doi: 10.1007/S00418-006-0265-3.
  • 18. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Kalofoutis A, Creatsas G. Increased levels of serum advanced glycation end-products in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical Endocrinology. 2005;62(1):37-43. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2265.2004.02170.X.
  • 19. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Katsikis I, Piperi C, et al. Increased serum advanced glycation end-products is a distinct finding in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clinical Endocrinology. 2008;69(4):634-41. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2265.2008.03247.X.
  • 20. Garg D, Grazi R, Lambert-Messerlian GM, Merhi Z. Correlation between follicular fluid levels of stage and vitamin D in women with PCOS. Journal of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics. 2017;34(11):1507-1513. doi: 10.1007/S10815-017-1011-6.
  • 21. Wang B, Li J, Yang Q, Zhang F, Hao M, Guo Y. Decreased levels of sRAGE in follicular fluid from patients With PCOS. Reproduction. 2017;153(3):285-292. doi: 10.1530/Rep-16-0359.
  • 22. Irani M, Minkoff H, Seifer DB, Merhi Z. Vitamin D iıncreases serum levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in women with PCOS. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology And Metabolism. 2014;99(5):E886-90. doi: 10.1210/Jc.2013-4374.
  • 23. Tantalaki E, Piperi C, Livadas S, et al. Impact of dietary modification of advanced glycation end products (AGES) on the hormonal and metabolic profile of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hormones. 2014;13(1):65-73. doi: 10.1007/Bf03401321.
  • 24. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Korkolopoulou P, et al. Accumulation of dietary glycotoxins in the reproductive system of normal female rats. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2007;85(12):1413-20. doi: 10.1007/S00109-007-0246-6.
  • 25. Garg D, Merhi Z. Relationship between advanced glycation end products and steroidogenesis in PCOS. Reproductive Biology And Endocrinology: RB&E. 2016;14(1):71. doi: 10.1186/S12958-016-0205-6.
  • 26. Yang P, Feng J, Peng Q, Liu X, Fan Z. Advanced glycation end products: potential mechanism and therapeutic target in cardiovascular complications under diabetes. Oxidative Medicine And Cellular Longevity. 2019;2019:9570616. doi: 10.1155/2019/9570616.
  • 27. Rudnicka E, Suchta K, Grymowicz M, et al. Chronic low grade inflammation in pathogenesis of PCOS. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(7). doi: 10.3390/Ijms22073789.
  • 28. Papalou O, Victor VM, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2016;22(18):2709-22.
  • 29. Karuputhula NB, Chattopadhyay R, Chakravarty B, Chaudhury K. Oxidative status in granulosa cells of infertile women undergoing IVF. Systems Biology In Reproductive Medicine. 2013;59(2):91-8. doi: 10.3109/19396368.2012.743197.
  • 30. Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. Advanced glycation endproducts: from precursors to RAGE: round and round we go. Amino Acids. 2012;42(4):1151-61. doi: 10.1007/S00726-010-0773-2.
  • 31. Uribarri J, Woodruff S, Goodman S, et al. Advanced glycation end products in foods and a practical guide to their reduction in the diet. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110(6):911-16.E12. doi: 10.1016/J.Jada.2010.03.018.
  • 32. Goldberg T, Cai W, Peppa M, et al. Advanced glycoxidation end products in commonly consumed foods. Journal Of The American Dietetic Association. 2004;104(8):1287-91. doi: 10.1016/J.Jada.2004.05.214.
  • 33. Cai W, He JC, Zhu L, et al. Oral glycotoxins determine the effects of calorie restriction on oxidant stress, age-related diseases, and lifespan. The American Journal Of Pathology. 2008;173(2):327-36. doi: 10.2353/Ajpath.2008.080152.
  • 34. Scheijen J, Clevers E, Engelen L, et al. Analysis of advanced glycation endproducts in selected food items by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: presentation of a dietary AGE database. Food Chemistry. 2016;190:1145-1150. doi: 10.1016/J.Foodchem.2015.06.049.
  • 35. Hull GLJ, Woodside JV, Ames JM, Cuskelly GJ. Nε-(Carboxymethyl) lysine content of foods commonly consumed in a Western style diet. Food Chemistry. 2012;131(1):170-174. doi: 10.1016/J.Foodchem.2011.08.055.
  • 36. Uribarri J, Del Castillo MD, De La Maza MP, et al. Dietary advanced glycation end products and their role in health and disease. Advances In Nutrition. 2015;6(4):461-73. doi: 10.3945/An.115.008433.
  • 37. Uribarri J, Cai W, Peppa M, et al. Circulating glycotoxins and dietary advanced glycation endproducts: two links to inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and aging. The Journals Of Gerontology Series A, Biological Sciences And Medical Sciences. 2007;62(4):427-33. doi: 10.1093/Gerona/62.4.427.
  • 38. Burak E. Üniversite öğrencilerinde ıleri glikasyon son ürünleri alım düzeyinin belirlenmesi. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;6(3):75-79.
  • 39. Inan-Eroglu E, Ayaz A, Buyuktuncer Z. Formation of advanced glycation endproducts in foods during cooking process and underlying mechanisms: a comprehensive review of experimental studies. Nutrition Research Reviews. 2020;33(1):77-89. doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000209.
  • 40. Luévano-Contreras C, Garay-Sevilla ME, Wrobel K, Malacara JM, Wrobel K. Dietary advanced glycation end products restriction diminishes inflammation markers and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition. 2013;52(1):22-6. doi: 10.3164/Jcbn.12-40.
  • 41. Di Pino A, Currenti W, Urbano F, et al. Low advanced glycation end product diet improves the lipid and inflammatory profiles of prediabetic subjects. Journal Of Clinical Lipidology. 2016;10(5):1098-108. doi: 10.1016/J.Jacl.2016.07.001.
  • 42. De Courten B, De Courten MP, Soldatos G, et al. Diet low in advanced glycation end products increases insulin sensitivity in healthy overweight individuals: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition. 2016;103(6):1426-33. doi: 10.3945/Ajcn.115.125427.
  • 43. Palimeri S, Palioura E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Current perspectives on the health risks associated with the consumption of advanced glycation end products: recommendations for dietary management. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2015;8:415-26. doi: 10.2147/dmso.S63089.

Polikistik Over Sendromunda Besinlerle Alınan İleri Glikasyon Son Ürünlerinin Rolü

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 22, 370 - 382, 30.04.2024

Merve Özdemir Pelin Bilgiç

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1327059

Öz

Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar diyetle alınan ileri glikasyon son ürünlerinin (AGEs), polikistik over sendromu ile ilişkili hem üreme hem de metabolik işlev bozukluklarında önemli bir rol oynadığını öne sürmektedir. İleri glikasyon son ürünleri, indirgeyici şekerler ile proteinler, lipitler veya nükleik asitler arasındaki enzimatik olmayan glikasyon işlemi tarafından oluşturulan reaktif moleküllerdir. İleri glikasyon son ürünlerinin anahtar hücre içi sinyal yollarının aktivasyonu yoluyla, oksidatif stres ve proinflamatuar sitokinlerin oluşumunu uyararak polikistik over sendromu patogenezine katkıda bulunabilecekleri düşünülmektedir. İleri glikasyon son ürünleri normal metabolik koşullar altında endojen olarak oluşabildikleri gibi özellikle kızartma, fırınlama veya ızgara gibi yüksek sıcaklıklarda pişirilmiş ve işlenmiş besinlerin tüketimiyle de ekzojen olarak da vücuda alınabilmektedir. Polikistik over sendromlu kadınlarda yumurtalık dokusunda anovülasyon ve hiperandrojenizme neden olan yüksek serum AGE seviyeleri bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemede, polikistik over sendromunda metabolik ve üremeyle ilgili değişikliklerin aracıları olarak ileri glikasyon son ürünlerinin rolünün sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Besin İleri glikasyon son ürünleri PKOS

Kaynakça

  • 1. Zeng X, Xie YJ, Liu YT, Long SL, Mo ZC. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;502:214-221. doi: 10.1016/J.Cca.2019.11.003.
  • 2. Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, management, and drug repurposing. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2) doi: 10.3390/Ijms23020583.
  • 3. Rutkowska AZ, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental toxins. Fertil Steril. 2016;106(4):948-58. doi: 10.1016/J.Fertnstert.2016.08.031.
  • 4. Azziz R. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstetrics And Gynecology. 2018;132(2):321-336. doi: 10.1097/Aog.0000000000002698.
  • 5. Jin P, Xie Y. Treatment strategies for women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018;34(4):272-277. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1395841.
  • 6. Patel S. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy. The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology. 2018;182:27-36. doi: 10.1016/J.Jsbmb.2018.04.008.
  • 7. Garg D, Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products: link between diet and ovulatory dysfunction ın PCOS? Nutrients. 2015;7(12):10129-44. doi: 10.3390/Nu7125524.
  • 8. Pertynska-Marczewska M, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Zhang J, Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products: a link between metabolic and endothelial dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome? Metabolism: Clinical And Experimental. 2015;64(11):1564-73.
  • 9. Tavares JF, Ribeiro PVM, Coelho OGL, Silva LED, Alfenas RCG. Can advanced glycation end-products and their receptors be affected by weight loss? a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2020;21(6):E13000. doi: 10.1111/Obr.13000.
  • 10. Zhu JL, Cai YQ, Long SL, Chen Z, Mo ZC. The role of advanced glycation end products in human infertility. Life Sciences. 2020;255:117830.
  • 11. Merhi Z, Kandaraki EA, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. ımplications and future perspectives of ages in PCOS pathophysiology. Trends In Endocrinology And Metabolism: TEM. 2019;30(3):150-162. doi: 10.1016/J.Tem.2019.01.005.
  • 12. Merhi Z. Advanced glycation end products and their relevance in female reproduction. Human Reproduction (Oxford, England). 2014;29(1):135-45. doi: 10.1093/Humrep/Det383.
  • 13. Vlassara H, Uribarri J. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and diabetes: cause, effect, or both? Current Diabetes Reports. 2014;14(1):453.
  • 14. Mouanness M, Merhi Z. Impact of dietary advanced glycation end products on female reproduction: review of potential mechanistic pathways. Nutrients. 2022;14(5):966.
  • 15. Zhang Q, Wang Y, Fu L. Dietary advanced glycation end-products: perspectives linking food processing with health implications. Comprehensive Reviews In Food Science And Food Safety. 2020;19(5):2559-2587. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12593.
  • 16. Merhi Z. Crosstalk between advanced glycation end products and vitamin D: a compelling paradigm for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. Molecular And Cellular Endocrinology. 2019;479:20-26. doi: 10.1016/J.Mce.2018.08.010.
  • 17. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Patsouris E, et al. Immunohistochemical localization of advanced glycation end-products (AGES) and their receptor (RAGE) in polycystic and normal ovaries. Histochemistry And Cell Biology. 2007;127(6):581-9. doi: 10.1007/S00418-006-0265-3.
  • 18. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Kalofoutis A, Creatsas G. Increased levels of serum advanced glycation end-products in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical Endocrinology. 2005;62(1):37-43. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2265.2004.02170.X.
  • 19. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Katsikis I, Piperi C, et al. Increased serum advanced glycation end-products is a distinct finding in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clinical Endocrinology. 2008;69(4):634-41. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2265.2008.03247.X.
  • 20. Garg D, Grazi R, Lambert-Messerlian GM, Merhi Z. Correlation between follicular fluid levels of stage and vitamin D in women with PCOS. Journal of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics. 2017;34(11):1507-1513. doi: 10.1007/S10815-017-1011-6.
  • 21. Wang B, Li J, Yang Q, Zhang F, Hao M, Guo Y. Decreased levels of sRAGE in follicular fluid from patients With PCOS. Reproduction. 2017;153(3):285-292. doi: 10.1530/Rep-16-0359.
  • 22. Irani M, Minkoff H, Seifer DB, Merhi Z. Vitamin D iıncreases serum levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in women with PCOS. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology And Metabolism. 2014;99(5):E886-90. doi: 10.1210/Jc.2013-4374.
  • 23. Tantalaki E, Piperi C, Livadas S, et al. Impact of dietary modification of advanced glycation end products (AGES) on the hormonal and metabolic profile of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hormones. 2014;13(1):65-73. doi: 10.1007/Bf03401321.
  • 24. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C, Korkolopoulou P, et al. Accumulation of dietary glycotoxins in the reproductive system of normal female rats. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2007;85(12):1413-20. doi: 10.1007/S00109-007-0246-6.
  • 25. Garg D, Merhi Z. Relationship between advanced glycation end products and steroidogenesis in PCOS. Reproductive Biology And Endocrinology: RB&E. 2016;14(1):71. doi: 10.1186/S12958-016-0205-6.
  • 26. Yang P, Feng J, Peng Q, Liu X, Fan Z. Advanced glycation end products: potential mechanism and therapeutic target in cardiovascular complications under diabetes. Oxidative Medicine And Cellular Longevity. 2019;2019:9570616. doi: 10.1155/2019/9570616.
  • 27. Rudnicka E, Suchta K, Grymowicz M, et al. Chronic low grade inflammation in pathogenesis of PCOS. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(7). doi: 10.3390/Ijms22073789.
  • 28. Papalou O, Victor VM, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2016;22(18):2709-22.
  • 29. Karuputhula NB, Chattopadhyay R, Chakravarty B, Chaudhury K. Oxidative status in granulosa cells of infertile women undergoing IVF. Systems Biology In Reproductive Medicine. 2013;59(2):91-8. doi: 10.3109/19396368.2012.743197.
  • 30. Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. Advanced glycation endproducts: from precursors to RAGE: round and round we go. Amino Acids. 2012;42(4):1151-61. doi: 10.1007/S00726-010-0773-2.
  • 31. Uribarri J, Woodruff S, Goodman S, et al. Advanced glycation end products in foods and a practical guide to their reduction in the diet. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110(6):911-16.E12. doi: 10.1016/J.Jada.2010.03.018.
  • 32. Goldberg T, Cai W, Peppa M, et al. Advanced glycoxidation end products in commonly consumed foods. Journal Of The American Dietetic Association. 2004;104(8):1287-91. doi: 10.1016/J.Jada.2004.05.214.
  • 33. Cai W, He JC, Zhu L, et al. Oral glycotoxins determine the effects of calorie restriction on oxidant stress, age-related diseases, and lifespan. The American Journal Of Pathology. 2008;173(2):327-36. doi: 10.2353/Ajpath.2008.080152.
  • 34. Scheijen J, Clevers E, Engelen L, et al. Analysis of advanced glycation endproducts in selected food items by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: presentation of a dietary AGE database. Food Chemistry. 2016;190:1145-1150. doi: 10.1016/J.Foodchem.2015.06.049.
  • 35. Hull GLJ, Woodside JV, Ames JM, Cuskelly GJ. Nε-(Carboxymethyl) lysine content of foods commonly consumed in a Western style diet. Food Chemistry. 2012;131(1):170-174. doi: 10.1016/J.Foodchem.2011.08.055.
  • 36. Uribarri J, Del Castillo MD, De La Maza MP, et al. Dietary advanced glycation end products and their role in health and disease. Advances In Nutrition. 2015;6(4):461-73. doi: 10.3945/An.115.008433.
  • 37. Uribarri J, Cai W, Peppa M, et al. Circulating glycotoxins and dietary advanced glycation endproducts: two links to inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and aging. The Journals Of Gerontology Series A, Biological Sciences And Medical Sciences. 2007;62(4):427-33. doi: 10.1093/Gerona/62.4.427.
  • 38. Burak E. Üniversite öğrencilerinde ıleri glikasyon son ürünleri alım düzeyinin belirlenmesi. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;6(3):75-79.
  • 39. Inan-Eroglu E, Ayaz A, Buyuktuncer Z. Formation of advanced glycation endproducts in foods during cooking process and underlying mechanisms: a comprehensive review of experimental studies. Nutrition Research Reviews. 2020;33(1):77-89. doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000209.
  • 40. Luévano-Contreras C, Garay-Sevilla ME, Wrobel K, Malacara JM, Wrobel K. Dietary advanced glycation end products restriction diminishes inflammation markers and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition. 2013;52(1):22-6. doi: 10.3164/Jcbn.12-40.
  • 41. Di Pino A, Currenti W, Urbano F, et al. Low advanced glycation end product diet improves the lipid and inflammatory profiles of prediabetic subjects. Journal Of Clinical Lipidology. 2016;10(5):1098-108. doi: 10.1016/J.Jacl.2016.07.001.
  • 42. De Courten B, De Courten MP, Soldatos G, et al. Diet low in advanced glycation end products increases insulin sensitivity in healthy overweight individuals: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition. 2016;103(6):1426-33. doi: 10.3945/Ajcn.115.125427.
  • 43. Palimeri S, Palioura E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Current perspectives on the health risks associated with the consumption of advanced glycation end products: recommendations for dietary management. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2015;8:415-26. doi: 10.2147/dmso.S63089.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halk Sağlığı Beslenmesi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Merve Özdemir 0000-0001-7955-9154

Pelin Bilgiç 0000-0002-8177-0300

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 29 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 22

Kaynak Göster

JAMA Özdemir M, Bilgiç P. Polikistik Over Sendromunda Besinlerle Alınan İleri Glikasyon Son Ürünlerinin Rolü. IGUSABDER. 2024;:370–382.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

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