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COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2, 295 - 308, 01.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.957260

Öz

COVID-19 (Koronavirüs Hastalığı 19) olarak adlandırılan SARS-CoV-2 (Şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu koronavirüs-2) virüsünün neden olduğu enfeksiyon başlangıçta Aralık 2019’da Çin'de tespit edilmiştir ve daha sonra dünyaya hızla yayılmıştır. 13 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Tayland Halk Sağlığı Bakanlığı Çin'in Wuhan şehrinde yaşayan 8 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Tayland’a giden 61 yaşında Çinli bir kadında ilk importe olguyu bildirmiştir. Daha sonra 11 Mart'ta Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) bu salgını küresel bir pandemi ilan etmiştir. Hastalığın yayılmasını önlemek ve pandemiyi kontrol etmek için ilaçların etkinliği araştırılmakta olup çok sayıda COVID-19 aşı adayı ve ilaç adayı geliştirilmektedir. ABD- Gıda ve İlaç İdaresi (FDA), Aralık 2020'de sırasıyla Pfizer ve Moderna tarafından geliştirilen iki mRNA aşısı için acil kullanım onayı yayınlamıştır. Şu anda geliştirilmekte olan diğer COVID-19 aşıları mRNA, DNA, viral vektör, subünite, inaktive edilmiş ve canlı zayıflatılmış aşıları kapsayan çeşitli platformlara dayanmaktadır. Bu derlemede COVID-19 tanı ve/veya tedavisinde kullanılan testler, aşılar ve ilaçların rolünü incelenmektedir.

Kaynakça

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COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests, Vaccines and Medicines in Its Treatment; Current status

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2, 295 - 308, 01.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.957260

Öz

The infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) virus, called COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 19), was initially detected in China in December 2019, and then spread rapidly around the world. On January 13, 2020, the Ministry of Public Health of Thailand reported the first imported case in a 61-year-old Chinese woman living in Wuhan, China, who went to Thailand on January 8, 2020. Later, on March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared this outbreak a global pandemic. The effectiveness of drugs is being investigated to prevent the spread of the disease and control the pandemic, and many COVID-19 vaccine candidates and drug candidates are being developed. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued emergency-use approval for two mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna, respectively, in December 2020. Other COVID-19 vaccines currently in development are based on a variety of platforms including mRNA, DNA, viral vector, subunit, inactivated and live attenuated vaccines. This review examines the role of tests, vaccines and drugs used in the diagnosis and/or treatment of COVID-19.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Kahn JS, McIntosh K. History and Recent Advances in Coronavirus Discovery. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24(11): 223-227.
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  • 4. Bhatta M, Nandi S, Dutta S, Saha MK. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a systematic review for potential vaccines. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2021:1-18.
  • 5. Du L, He Y, Zhou Y, Liu S, Zheng BJ, Jiang S. The spike protein of SARS-CoV- A target for vaccine and therapeutic development. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009;7(3): 226-236.
  • 6. Jiang S, Hillyer C, Du L. Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses. Trends Immunol. 2020;41(6): 545.
  • 7. Chan JFW, Kok KH, Zhu Z, et al. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1): 221-236.
  • 8. Menni C, Valdes AM, Freidin MB, et al. Real-time tracking of self-reported symptoms to predict potential COVID-19. Nat Med. 2020;26 (7):1037-1040.
  • 9. Singh R, Kang A, Luo X, et al. COVID‐19: Current knowledge in clinical features, immunological responses, and vaccine development. FASEB J. 2021; 35(3): e21409.
  • 10. Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo E, et al. Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;34:101623.
  • 11. Tian Y, Rong L, Nian W, He Y. Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID-19 and the possibility of faecal transmission. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(9): 843-851.
  • 12. Chilamakuri R, Agarwal S. COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics. Cells. 2021;10 (2):1-29.
  • 13. Therapeutic Management | COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines. Erişim: https://www.COVID19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapeutic-management/
  • 14. Search of: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine | Phase Early Phase 1, 1, 2, 3, 4 - Search Details - ClinicalTrials.gov. Erişim:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results/details?cond=SARS-CoV-2+Vaccine&phase=01234
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  • 17. van Riel D, de Wit E. Next-generation vaccine platforms for COVID-19. Nat Mater. 2020;19(8): 810-812.
  • 18. COVID-19 vaccines. Erişim:https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/COVID-19-vaccines.
  • 19. Kyriakidis NC, López-Cortés A, González EV, Grimaldos AB, Prado EO. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines strategies: a comprehensive review of phase 3 candidates. npj Vaccines. 2021;6(1):1-17.
  • 20. Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine | FDA. Erişim:https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-COVID-19/pfizer-biontech-COVID-19-vaccine
  • 21. Li Y Der, Chi WY, Su JH, Ferrall L, Hung CF, Wu TC. Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19. J Biomed Sci. 2020;27(1):104.
  • 22. Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27): 2603-2615.
  • 23. Fact Sheet For Recıpıents And Caregivers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) of. Erişim: www.janssenCOVID19vaccine.com.
  • 24. Polack F, Thomas S, Kitchin N et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Mass Med Soc. 2020;383 (27).
  • 25. Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(5):403-416.
  • 26. Guebre-Xabier M, Patel N, Tian JH, et al. NVX-CoV2373 vaccine protects cynomolgus macaque upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Vaccine. 2020;38(50):7892-7896.
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  • 50. Rattanaumpawa, Pinyo; Jirajariyavej, Supunnee; Lerdlamyong K, Palavutitotai, Nattawan; Saiyarin J. Real-world Experience with Favipiravir for Treatment of COVID-19 in Thailand: Results from a Multicenter Observational Study. All about Your Eyes. 2020:191-192.
  • 51. Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, Cutrell JB. Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2020;323(18):1824-1836.
  • 52. Wang Z, Yang B, Li Q, Wen L, Zhang R. Clinical features of 69 cases with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):769-777.
  • 53. Huang D, Yu H, Wang T, Yang H, Yao R, Liang Z. Efficacy and safety of umifenovir for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2021;93(1): 481-490.
  • 54. Deng L, Li C, Zeng Q, et al. Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona Virus Disease 2019: A retrospective cohort study. J Infect. 2020;81(1):1-5.
  • 55. Zhu Z, Lu Z, Xu T, et al. Arbidol monotherapy is superior to lopinavir/ritonavir in treating COVID-19. J Infect. 2020;81(1): 21-23.
  • 56. Lin HXJ, Cho S, Meyyur Aravamudan V, et al. Remdesivir in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment: a review of evidence. Infection. 2021;2019(0123456789).
  • 57. Reza Hashemian SM, Farhadi T, Velayati AA. A review on remdesivir: A possible promising agent for the treatment of COVID-19. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020;14:3215-3222.
  • 58. Beigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, et al. Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19 - Final Report. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(19):1813-1826.
  • 59. Grein J, Ohmagari N, Shin D, et al. Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(24):2327-2336.
  • 60. McKee DL, Sternberg A, Stange U, Laufer S, Naujokat C. Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Pharmacol Res. 2020;157:104859.
  • 61. Meini S, Pagotto A, Longo B, Vendramin I, Pecori D, Tascini C. Role of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Review of Current Evidence, Guideline Recommendations, and Perspectives. J Clin Med. 2020;9(7): 2050.
  • 62. Choy KT, Wong AYL, Kaewpreedee P, et al. Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Antiviral Res. 2020;178:104786.
  • 63. Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, et al. A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(19):1787-1799.
  • 64. Khalili JS, Zhu H, Mak NSA, Yan Y, Zhu Y. Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: Groundwork for an evaluation concerning COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2020;92(7):740-746.
  • 65. Tong S, Su Y, Yu Y, et al. Ribavirin therapy for severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;56(3):1-5.
  • 66. Hung IFN, Lung KC, Tso EYK, et al. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir–ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020;395(10238):1695-1704.
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  • 71. Aouba A, Baldolli A, Geffray L, et al. Targeting the inflammatory cascade with anakinra in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: Case series. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(10):1381-1382.
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  • 73. Huet T, Beaussier H, Voisin O, et al. Anakinra for severe forms of COVID-19: a cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020;2(7): 393-400.
  • 74. Alijotas-Reig J, Esteve-Valverde E, Belizna C, et al. Immunomodulatory therapy for the management of severe COVID-19. Beyond the anti-viral therapy: A comprehensive review. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19 (7):102569.
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  • 77. Guaraldi G, Meschiari M, Cozzi-Lepri A, et al. Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020;2(8):474-484.
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  • 79. Nasonov E, Samsonov M. The role of Interleukin 6 inhibitors in therapy of severe COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;131:110698.
  • 80. Boregowda U, Perisetti A, Nanjappa A, Sridharan GK, Gajendran M, Goyal H. Addition of Tocilizumab to the Standard of Care Reduces Mortality in Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2020.
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  • 83. Elli EM, Baratè C, Mendicino F, Palandri F, Palumbo GA. Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Activity of Ruxolitinib. Front Oncol. 2019;9:1186.
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  • 87. Gianfrancesco M, Hyrich KL, Hyrich KL, et al. Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: Data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(7): 859-866.
  • 88. Winthrop KL, Brunton AE, Beekmann S, et al. SARS CoV-2 infection among patients using immunomodulatory therapies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(2): 269-271.
  • 89. Sperber K, Quraishi H, Kalb TH, Panja A, Stecher V, Mayer L. Selective regulation of cytokine secretion by hydroxychloroquine: Inhibition of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1-α) and IL-6 in human monocytes and T cells. J Rheumatol. 1993;20(5): 803-808.
  • 90. Yao X, Ye F, Zhang M, et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity And Projection of Optimized Dosing Design Of Hydroxychloroquine For The Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):732-739.
  • 91. Das S, Bhowmick S, Tiwari S, Sen S. An Updated Systematic Review of the Therapeutic Role of Hydroxychloroquine in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Clin Drug Investig. 2020;40(7): 591-601.
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  • 93. Li X, Wang Y, Agostinis P, et al. Is hydroxychloroquine beneficial for COVID-19 patients? Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(7):512.
Toplam 93 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer), Mikrobiyoloji
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Derya Selcen Salmanoğlu 0000-0001-7435-1725

Emine Esin Çalışkan 0000-0002-8837-1222

Meliz Sofu 0000-0001-6106-2203

Yiğit Uyanıkgil 0000-0002-4016-0522

Emel Öykü Çetin Uyanıkgil 0000-0001-8822-9130

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2021
Kabul Tarihi 3 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Salmanoğlu, D. S., Çalışkan, E. E., Sofu, M., Uyanıkgil, Y., vd. (2021). COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(2), 295-308. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.957260
AMA Salmanoğlu DS, Çalışkan EE, Sofu M, Uyanıkgil Y, Çetin Uyanıkgil EÖ. COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum. Uludağ Tıp Derg. Ağustos 2021;47(2):295-308. doi:10.32708/uutfd.957260
Chicago Salmanoğlu, Derya Selcen, Emine Esin Çalışkan, Meliz Sofu, Yiğit Uyanıkgil, ve Emel Öykü Çetin Uyanıkgil. “COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar Ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 47, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2021): 295-308. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.957260.
EndNote Salmanoğlu DS, Çalışkan EE, Sofu M, Uyanıkgil Y, Çetin Uyanıkgil EÖ (01 Ağustos 2021) COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 47 2 295–308.
IEEE D. S. Salmanoğlu, E. E. Çalışkan, M. Sofu, Y. Uyanıkgil, ve E. Ö. Çetin Uyanıkgil, “COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum”, Uludağ Tıp Derg, c. 47, sy. 2, ss. 295–308, 2021, doi: 10.32708/uutfd.957260.
ISNAD Salmanoğlu, Derya Selcen vd. “COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar Ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 47/2 (Ağustos 2021), 295-308. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.957260.
JAMA Salmanoğlu DS, Çalışkan EE, Sofu M, Uyanıkgil Y, Çetin Uyanıkgil EÖ. COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2021;47:295–308.
MLA Salmanoğlu, Derya Selcen vd. “COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar Ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 47, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 295-08, doi:10.32708/uutfd.957260.
Vancouver Salmanoğlu DS, Çalışkan EE, Sofu M, Uyanıkgil Y, Çetin Uyanıkgil EÖ. COVID-19 Tanı Testleri, Tedavisindeki Aşılar ve İlaçlar; Güncel Durum. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2021;47(2):295-308.

ISSN: 1300-414X, e-ISSN: 2645-9027

Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License" ile lisanslanmaktadır.


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Journal of Uludag University Medical Faculty is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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