Research Article
Year 2022,
, 460 - 464, 12.09.2022
Abstract
Aim: Thyroid follicular cell derived cancers are classified into three groups such as papillary thyroid cancer (85%), follicular thyroid cancer (12%) and anaplastic (undifferentiated) thyroid cancer (ATC) (3%). ATCs have very rapid course, poor treatment outcomes and they are very aggressive. The aim of current study was to assess the analysis of the morphological differences of ATC cell line with the normal thyroid cell line (NTC).
Materials and Methods: NTH and ATC cells were examined with haematoxylin and eosin, the nucleus: cytoplasm (N:C) ratios were detected, and cell cycles were investigated. These cell lines were compared according to their N:C ratio and their abundance in cell cycle phases.
Results: The N:C ratio was higher in ATC than NTC. Both cell groups were mostly found in G0/G1 phase (68.4; 82.8) and have statistical difference in both G0/G1 and S phases.
Conclusion: The rapid course and the rarity of ATC are significant barriers for clinical trials. Cultured cell lines are very important to explore the behaviour in the biology of ATC cells (such as the cell cycle), to understand the course of the disease, and to find an effective target for treatment.
Keywords
References
- Cabanillas ME, McFadden DG, Durante C. Thyroid cancer. Lancet 2016; 388: 2783-95.
- Musso R, Di Cara G, Albanese NN, et al. Differential proteomic and phenotypic behaviour of papillary and anaplastic thyroid cell lines. J Proteomics 2013; 90: 115-25.
- Tarabichi M, Demetter P, Craciun L, Maenhaut C, Detours V. Thyroid cancer under the scope of emerging technologies. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 541: 111491.
- Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2016; 26: 1-133. Manxhuka-Kerliu S, Devolli-Disha E, Gerxhaliu A, et al. Prognostic values of thyroid tumours. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2009; 9: 111-9.
- Asa SL. The Current Histologic Classification of Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2019; 48: 1- 22.
- Neff RL, Farrar WB, Kloos RT, Burman KD. Anaplastic thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2008; 37: 525-38, xi.
- Pinto N, Prokopec SD, Vizeacoumar F, et al. Lestaurtinib is a potent inhibitor of anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line models. PLoS One 2018; 13: e0207152.
- Ha EJ, Baek JH, Lee JH, et al. Core needle biopsy could reduce diagnostic surgery in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer or thyroid lymphoma. Eur Radiol 2016; 26: 1031-6.
- Carcangiu ML, Steeper T, Zampi G, Rosai J. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. A study of 70 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1985; 83: 135-58.
- Molinaro E, Romei C, Biagini A, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: from clinicopathology to genetics and advanced therapies. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017; 13: 644-60.
- Pinto N, Black M, Patel K, et al. Genomically driven precision medicine to improve outcomes in anaplastic thyroid cancer. J Oncol 2014; 2014: 936285.
- Conticello C, Adamo L, Giuffrida R, et al. Proteasome inhibitors synergize with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand to induce anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell death. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 1938-42.
- Salvatore G, Nappi TC, Salerno P, et al. A cell proliferation and chromosomal instability signature in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 10148-58.
- Wei WJ, Shen CT, Song HJ, Qiu ZL, Luo QY. Propranolol sensitizes thyroid cancer cells to cytotoxic effect of vemurafenib. Oncol Rep 2016; 36: 1576-84.
- Sloan EK, Priceman SJ, Cox BF, et al. The sympathetic nervous system induces a metastatic switch in primary breast cancer. Cancer Res 2010; 70: 7042-52.
- Yang PS, Hsu YC, Lee JJ, Chen MJ, Huang SY, Cheng SP. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibitors Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppress Tumor Growth in Thyroid Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19.
- Pinto N, Prokopec SD, Ghasemi F, et al. Flavopiridol causes cell cycle inhibition and demonstrates anticancer activity in anaplastic thyroid cancer models. PLoS One 2020; 15: e0239315.
- Robson MI, Le Thanh P, Schirmer EC. NETs and cell cycle regulation. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 773: 165-85.
- Fischer EG. Nuclear Morphology and the Biology of Cancer Cells. Acta Cytol 2020; 64: 511-9.
- Sung WW, Lin YM, Wu PR, et al. High nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of Cdk1 expression predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2014; 14: 951.
- Sebastian JA, Moore MJ, Berndl ESL, Kolios MC. An image-based flow cytometric approach to the assessment of the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio. PLoS One 2021; 16: e0253439.
- Smith JA, Martin L. Do cells cycle? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1973; 70: 1263-7.
- Saltman B, Singh B, Hedvat CV, Wreesmann VB, Ghossein R. Patterns of expression of cell cycle/apoptosis genes along the spectrum of thyroid carcinoma progression. Surgery 2006; 140: 899-905; discussion -6.
- Wiseman SM, Loree TR, Rigual NR, et al. Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: review of clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence provides new insights into disease biology and future therapy. Head Neck 2003; 25: 662-70.
- Ensinger C, Spizzo G, Moser P, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor as a novel therapeutic target in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1030: 69-77.
- Wiseman SM, Masoudi H, Niblock P, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: expression profile of targets for therapy offers new insights for disease treatment. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 14: 719-29.
- Wreesmann VB, Ghossein RA, Patel SG, et al. Genome-wide appraisal of thyroid cancer progression. Am J Pathol 2002; 161: 1549-56.
- Evans JJ, Crist HS, Durvesh S, Bruggeman RD, Goldenberg D. A comparative study of cell cycle mediator protein expression patterns in anaplastic and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13: 776-81.
- Weinberger P, Ponny SR, Xu H, et al. Cell Cycle M-Phase Genes Are Highly Upregulated in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid 2017; 27: 236-52.
Year 2022,
, 460 - 464, 12.09.2022
Abstract
Amaç: Tiroid foliküler hücre kaynaklı kanserler papiller tiroid kanseri (%85), foliküler tiroid kanseri (%12) ve anaplastik tiroid kanseri (ATK) (%3) olmak üzere üç kategoriye ayrılır. ATK'lerin çok hızlı seyri, kötü tedavi sonuçları vardır ve çok agresiftirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ATK hücre hattının normal tiroid hücre hattı (NTH) ile olan morfolojik farklılıklarının analizini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: NTH ve ATK hücrelerinde hematoksilen-eosin boyama ile inceleme yapıldı, nükleus sitoplazma (N:S) oranlarına bakıldı ve hücre döngüleri incelendi. Bu hücre hatları N:S oranlarına ve hücre döngüsü fazlarındaki bulunma oranlarına göre karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: ATK hızlı seyri ve nadir görülmesi nedeniyle tedavisi zor bir kanser türüdür. Kültürlenmiş hücre hatlarında çalışmak, ATK hücrelerinin biyolojisindeki davranışları keşfetmek (hücre siklusu gibi), hastalığın seyrini anlamak ve tedavi için etkili bir hedef bulmak açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Sonuç: N:S oranı ATK'de NTH'den daha yüksekti. Her iki hücre grubu da çoğunlukla G0/G1 fazında (68.4; 82.8) bulundu ve hem G0/G1 hem de S fazlarında istatistiksel farklılıklara sahipti.
References
- Cabanillas ME, McFadden DG, Durante C. Thyroid cancer. Lancet 2016; 388: 2783-95.
- Musso R, Di Cara G, Albanese NN, et al. Differential proteomic and phenotypic behaviour of papillary and anaplastic thyroid cell lines. J Proteomics 2013; 90: 115-25.
- Tarabichi M, Demetter P, Craciun L, Maenhaut C, Detours V. Thyroid cancer under the scope of emerging technologies. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 541: 111491.
- Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2016; 26: 1-133. Manxhuka-Kerliu S, Devolli-Disha E, Gerxhaliu A, et al. Prognostic values of thyroid tumours. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2009; 9: 111-9.
- Asa SL. The Current Histologic Classification of Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2019; 48: 1- 22.
- Neff RL, Farrar WB, Kloos RT, Burman KD. Anaplastic thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2008; 37: 525-38, xi.
- Pinto N, Prokopec SD, Vizeacoumar F, et al. Lestaurtinib is a potent inhibitor of anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line models. PLoS One 2018; 13: e0207152.
- Ha EJ, Baek JH, Lee JH, et al. Core needle biopsy could reduce diagnostic surgery in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer or thyroid lymphoma. Eur Radiol 2016; 26: 1031-6.
- Carcangiu ML, Steeper T, Zampi G, Rosai J. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. A study of 70 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1985; 83: 135-58.
- Molinaro E, Romei C, Biagini A, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: from clinicopathology to genetics and advanced therapies. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017; 13: 644-60.
- Pinto N, Black M, Patel K, et al. Genomically driven precision medicine to improve outcomes in anaplastic thyroid cancer. J Oncol 2014; 2014: 936285.
- Conticello C, Adamo L, Giuffrida R, et al. Proteasome inhibitors synergize with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand to induce anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell death. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 1938-42.
- Salvatore G, Nappi TC, Salerno P, et al. A cell proliferation and chromosomal instability signature in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 10148-58.
- Wei WJ, Shen CT, Song HJ, Qiu ZL, Luo QY. Propranolol sensitizes thyroid cancer cells to cytotoxic effect of vemurafenib. Oncol Rep 2016; 36: 1576-84.
- Sloan EK, Priceman SJ, Cox BF, et al. The sympathetic nervous system induces a metastatic switch in primary breast cancer. Cancer Res 2010; 70: 7042-52.
- Yang PS, Hsu YC, Lee JJ, Chen MJ, Huang SY, Cheng SP. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibitors Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppress Tumor Growth in Thyroid Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19.
- Pinto N, Prokopec SD, Ghasemi F, et al. Flavopiridol causes cell cycle inhibition and demonstrates anticancer activity in anaplastic thyroid cancer models. PLoS One 2020; 15: e0239315.
- Robson MI, Le Thanh P, Schirmer EC. NETs and cell cycle regulation. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 773: 165-85.
- Fischer EG. Nuclear Morphology and the Biology of Cancer Cells. Acta Cytol 2020; 64: 511-9.
- Sung WW, Lin YM, Wu PR, et al. High nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of Cdk1 expression predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2014; 14: 951.
- Sebastian JA, Moore MJ, Berndl ESL, Kolios MC. An image-based flow cytometric approach to the assessment of the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio. PLoS One 2021; 16: e0253439.
- Smith JA, Martin L. Do cells cycle? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1973; 70: 1263-7.
- Saltman B, Singh B, Hedvat CV, Wreesmann VB, Ghossein R. Patterns of expression of cell cycle/apoptosis genes along the spectrum of thyroid carcinoma progression. Surgery 2006; 140: 899-905; discussion -6.
- Wiseman SM, Loree TR, Rigual NR, et al. Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: review of clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence provides new insights into disease biology and future therapy. Head Neck 2003; 25: 662-70.
- Ensinger C, Spizzo G, Moser P, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor as a novel therapeutic target in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1030: 69-77.
- Wiseman SM, Masoudi H, Niblock P, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: expression profile of targets for therapy offers new insights for disease treatment. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 14: 719-29.
- Wreesmann VB, Ghossein RA, Patel SG, et al. Genome-wide appraisal of thyroid cancer progression. Am J Pathol 2002; 161: 1549-56.
- Evans JJ, Crist HS, Durvesh S, Bruggeman RD, Goldenberg D. A comparative study of cell cycle mediator protein expression patterns in anaplastic and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13: 776-81.
- Weinberger P, Ponny SR, Xu H, et al. Cell Cycle M-Phase Genes Are Highly Upregulated in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid 2017; 27: 236-52.
There are 29 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 12, 2022 |
| Submission Date | June 29, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 |