Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease with various clinical manifestations and is endemic particularly in the southeastern region of Türkiye. In this case report, we present a 67-year-old male patient who was admitted to clinic with plaque-like lesions on the scalp. Based on the presence of the “nail sign” cutaneous leishmaniasis was clinically suspected. Despite negative results from other diagnostic methods, the diagnosis was confirmed solely through polymerase chain reaction. This case highlights that conventional diagnostic methods may be insufficient in chronic lesions and that the Behçet’s nail sign should be carefully evaluated as a specific clinical finding. This case report was presented as an e-poster at the 2025 Annual Congress of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV), held in Prague between May 22-24, 2025 (Abstract ID:370, e-Poster No: P0755).
References
- Alvar J, Vélez ID, Bern C, Herrero M, Desjeux P, et al. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e35671.
- Uzun S, Baba M, Acar MA, Memişoğlu HR. The value of Hulusi Behçet's nail sign in the clinical diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Turkderm. 2002;36(1):20-3.
- Ozensoy Toz S, Culha G, Yildiz Zeyrek F, Ertabaklar H, Alkan MZ, et al. A real-time ITS1-PCR based method in the diagnosis and species identification of Leishmania parasite from human and dog clinical samples in Turkey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(5):e2205.
- Ekemen S, Nalcaci M, Toz S, Sanjoba C, Demirkesen C, Cetin ED, Tecimer T, Yildiz P, Gursel M, Ince U, Ozbel Y, Coban C. Diagnostic challenges in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to atypical Leishmania infantum: pathologists' insights from re-emergence zones. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 12;11:1453211.
- Gürel MS, Yeşilova Y, Ölgen MK, Özbel Y. Türkiye’de kutanöz leishmaniasisin durumu. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2012;36(2):121-9. doi:10.5152/tpd.2012.29.
- Ertabaklar H, et al. Kutanöz leyşmanyazis tanısında direkt mikroskopi, kültür ve polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2015;49(1):77-84.
- de Vries HJC, Schallig HD. Cutaneous leishmaniasis: a 2022 updated narrative review into diagnosis and management developments. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;23(6):823-40. doi:10.1007/s40257-022-00726-8.
- García-Hernández R, et al. Molecular diagnosis of Leishmania infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(10):e0009802. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009802.
- Ramos Moreno J, et al. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Europe: an emerging reality. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023. doi:10.1111/jdv.19225.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Leishmaniasis: epidemiology and control. WHO Guidelines 2023. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240071317.
Abstract
Şark çıbanı (Layşmanyazis), farklı klinik görünümlerle ortaya çıkabilen parazit kaynaklı bir hastalıktır. Türkiye'de özellikle güneydoğu bölgesinde endemik olarak görülmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda, saçlı deride yer alan plak benzeri lezyonlar nedeniyle kliniğe başvuran 67 yaşındaki bir erkek hastada, klinik olarak “çivi belirtisi” gözlenmesi üzerine kutanöz layşmanyazis ön tanısı düşünülmüş ve tanı, diğer tanısal yöntemler negatif sonuç vermesine rağmen, yalnızca polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile kesinleştirilmiştir. Olgu, kronik lezyonlarda klasik tanı yöntemlerinin yetersiz kalabileceğini ve Behçet’in çivi belirtisinin özgül bir klinik bulgu olarak dikkatle değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Not: Bu olgu sunumu 22-24 Mayıs 2025 tarihlerinde Prag’da düzenlenen Avrupa Dermatoloji ve Veneroloji Akademisi (EADV) Kongresi’nde e-poster olarak sunulmuştur. (Özet ID:370, e-Poster No: P0755)
Thanks
Olgunun hazırlanmasında ve yazımında emeği geçen Ege Üniversitesi Parazitoloji Ana Bilim Dalı’na teşekkür ederiz.
References
- Alvar J, Vélez ID, Bern C, Herrero M, Desjeux P, et al. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e35671.
- Uzun S, Baba M, Acar MA, Memişoğlu HR. The value of Hulusi Behçet's nail sign in the clinical diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Turkderm. 2002;36(1):20-3.
- Ozensoy Toz S, Culha G, Yildiz Zeyrek F, Ertabaklar H, Alkan MZ, et al. A real-time ITS1-PCR based method in the diagnosis and species identification of Leishmania parasite from human and dog clinical samples in Turkey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(5):e2205.
- Ekemen S, Nalcaci M, Toz S, Sanjoba C, Demirkesen C, Cetin ED, Tecimer T, Yildiz P, Gursel M, Ince U, Ozbel Y, Coban C. Diagnostic challenges in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to atypical Leishmania infantum: pathologists' insights from re-emergence zones. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 12;11:1453211.
- Gürel MS, Yeşilova Y, Ölgen MK, Özbel Y. Türkiye’de kutanöz leishmaniasisin durumu. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2012;36(2):121-9. doi:10.5152/tpd.2012.29.
- Ertabaklar H, et al. Kutanöz leyşmanyazis tanısında direkt mikroskopi, kültür ve polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2015;49(1):77-84.
- de Vries HJC, Schallig HD. Cutaneous leishmaniasis: a 2022 updated narrative review into diagnosis and management developments. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;23(6):823-40. doi:10.1007/s40257-022-00726-8.
- García-Hernández R, et al. Molecular diagnosis of Leishmania infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(10):e0009802. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009802.
- Ramos Moreno J, et al. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Europe: an emerging reality. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023. doi:10.1111/jdv.19225.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Leishmaniasis: epidemiology and control. WHO Guidelines 2023. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240071317.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Dermatology, Pathology, Medical Parasitology |
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 8, 2025 |
| Submission Date | July 19, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | August 13, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 64 Issue: 4 |
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