Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss: etiology, prognostic factors and treatment

Abdulhalim Aysel; Abdullah Dalğıç; Togay Müderris; Fatih Yılmaz; Görkem Atsal; Hayal Boyacıoğlu; Özgür Özdemir Şimşek; Enver Altaş

doi:10.19161/etd.1126855

EN TR

Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss: etiology, prognostic factors and treatment

Abstract

Aim: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) may have a negative impact on the language and psychological development of children, especially if it is not diagnosed early and treated promptly. This study were aimed to determine and compare the etiological factors, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in the pediatric patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of SSNHL.

Materials and Methods: The files of 28 children were analyzed retrospectively. In pure tone audiometry, the average of pure tone thresholds of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz were accepted as pure tone averages (PTAV). Patients' recovery status was determined according to Siegel criteria. Audiometric curve types were evaluated as ascending, descending, and flat.

Results: The ages of patients with SSNHL was mean ± SD 14.89 ± 3.24 (min-max: 7 and 18). The pre-treatment PTAV was mean ± SD 55.27 ± 12.39 dB HL (min-max: 38.5 and 85.25 dB HL) and the PTAV after treatment was mean ± SD 23.13 ± 18.22 dB HL (min-max: 5 and 72.5 dB HL). Audiometric curve types were detected as descending curve (n: 11, 39.2%), ascending curve (n: 5, 17.9%), flat curve (n: 12, 44.9%). Eighteen (64.3%) patients had complete recovery, 8 (28.6%) patients had partial recovery, and 2 (7.1%) patients had no recovery after the treatment.

Conclusion: The response to treatment was found to be high. Descending audiometric curve type was found as a positive prognostic factor. Although the presence of tinnitus was a better prognostic factor than the presence of vertigo.

Keywords

Çocuklarda ani sensörinöral işitme kaybı: etiyoloji, prognostik faktörler ve tedavi sonuçları

Öz

Amaç: Geç teşhis edilen ve tedavi ile düzelmeyen ani sensörinöral işitme kaybı (ASNİK) çocukların dil ve psikolojik gelişimi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olabilir, bu nedenle tanı konur konulmaz tedaviye başlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ASNİK ile takip ve tedavi edilen çocuk hastalarda etiyoloji, prognostik faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve tedavi sonuçlarının karşılaştırılmasıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: ASNİK tanısı ile tedavi ve takip edilen 28 hasta çocuğun dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Pür ton odyometrisinde (PTO), 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz ve 4000 Hz saf ton eşiklerinin ortalaması saf ses ortalaması (SSO) olarak kabul edildi. Hastaların iyileşme durumları Siegel kriterlerine göre belirlendi. Odyometrik eğri türleri artan, azalan ve düz tip olarak gruplara ayrıldı.

Bulgular: ASNİK'li hastaların yaşları 7 ile 18 arasında değişmekteydi (ortalama 14,89 ± 3,24). Tedavi öncesi SSO 55,27 ± 12,39 dB (min-maks: 38,5 ila 85,25 dB), tedavi sonrası SSO 23,13 ± 18,22 dB (min-maks: 5 ila 72,5 dB) idi. Odyometrik eğri türleri: azalan grup (n: 11, %39,2), yükselen grup (n: 5, %17,9), düz grup (n: 12, %44,9) şeklinde idi. Tedavi sonrası 18 (%64,3) hastada tam iyileşme, 8 (%28,6) hastada kısmi iyileşme saptanırken 2 (%7,1) hastada iyileşme olmadı.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda sistemik steroid ile tedaviye yanıt oranı yüksek saptandı. Kulak çınlaması varlığı ve tedavi öncesi inen tip odyometrik eğri iyi prognoz faktörleri olarak saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

References

Kenna MA. Acquired hearing loss in children. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2015; 48 (6): 933–53. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.otc.2015.07.011.
Tarshish Y, Leschinski A, Kenna M. Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Diagnosed causes and response to intervention. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77 (4): 553–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.01.004
Kizilay A, Koca ÇF. Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27 (4): 364–6. https://doi. org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000002630.
Alexander TH, Harris JP. Incidence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otol Neurotol 2013; 34 (9): 1586–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000000222.
Chen K, Jiang H, Zong L, Wu X.Side-related differences in sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 114(11):5-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.08.022.
Lu Y, Zhou L, Imrit TS, Liu A. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children: Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, Treatment Outcomes, and Prognostic Factors. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40 (4): 446-53. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002190.
Dedhia K, Chi DH. Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Etiology, diagnosis and treatment in 20 children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 88 (9): 208–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.07.003
Stachler RJ, Chandrasekhar SS, Archer SM, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Sudden hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 146 (3): 135. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599812436449.

Siegel L. The treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1975; 8 (2): 467-73. PMID:1153209
Mattox DE, Simmons FB. Natural history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1977; 86 (4 Pt 1):463–80. doi: 10.1177/000348947708600406.
Wei BP, Mubiru S, O’Leary S. Steroids for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 25 (1):CD003998. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003998.pub2.
Filipo R, Covelli E, Balsamo G, Attanasio G. Intratympanic prednisolone therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A new protocol. Acta Otolaryngol. 2010; 130 (11): 1209-13. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016481003793766
Toroslu T, Erdogan H, Caglar O, Guclu O, Derekoy FS. Comparison of Different Treatment Methods for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 56 (4): 226-32. doi: 10.5152/tao.2017.2337
Psarommatis I, Ioannis P, Kontorinis G, Douniadakis D, Tsakanikos M. Pseudohypacusis: The most frequent etiology of sudden hearing loss in children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 266 (12): 1857–61. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00405-009-0983-y.
Lim HJ, Kim YT, Choi SJ, et al. Efficacy of 3 different steroid treatments for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a prospective, randomized trial. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 148 (1): 121–7. doi: 10.1177/0194599812464475.
Övet G, Alataş N, Güzelkara F. Sudden Pediatric Hearing Loss: Comparing the Results of Combined Treatment (Intratympanic Dexamethasone and Systemic Steroids) With Systemic Steroid Treatment Alone. Otol Neurotol 2016; 37 (6): 742-7. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000001077.
Kim JY, Han JJ, Sunwoo WS, et al. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children and adolescents: Clinical characteristics and age-related prognosis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2018; 45 (3): 447-55. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2017.08.010.
Qian Y, Zhong S, Hu G, Kang H, Wang L, Lei Y. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children: A Report of 75 Cases. Otol Neurotol 2018; 39 (8): 1018-24. doi: 10.1097/MAO.000000000000189.
Pitaro J, Bechor-Fellner A, Gavriel H, Marom T, Eviatar E. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children: Etiology, management, and outcome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 82 (3): 34-7. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.12.022.
Bulğurcu S, Dikilitaş B, Arslan İB, Çukurova İ. Neutrophil-to Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Pediatric Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Hearing Loss. J Int Adv Otol. 2017; 13 (2): 217-20. https://doi. org/10.5152/iao.2017.3404.
Chung JH, Cho SH, Jeong JH, Park CW, Lee SH. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children. Laryngoscope 2015; 125 (9): 2209-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.25196.
Skarzynski PH,RajchelJ, Skarzynski H.Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children: A Literature Review. Journal of Hearing Science 2016; 6 (4): 9-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17430/902762
J.K. Chau, J.R. Lin, S. Atashband, R.A. Irvine, B.D. Westerberg, Systematic review of the evidence for the etiology of adult sudden sensorineural hearing loss, Laryngoscope 2010; 120 (5): 1011-21. DOI: 10.1002/lary.20873

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Abdulhalim Aysel ^*
0000-0001-8584-308X
Türkiye

Abdullah Dalğıç
0000-0002-6958-4169
Türkiye

Togay Müderris
0000-0003-4014-8176
Türkiye

Fatih Yılmaz
0000-0001-5303-961X
Türkiye

Görkem Atsal
0000-0001-6184-8564
Türkiye

Hayal Boyacıoğlu
0000-0003-0887-0302
Türkiye

Özgür Özdemir Şimşek
0000-0001-5705-7452
Türkiye

Enver Altaş
0000-0001-9351-6986
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 13, 2022

Submission Date

September 15, 2021

Acceptance Date

December 18, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 61 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1126855

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA92SG93CJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

Vancouver

1.Abdulhalim Aysel, Abdullah Dalğıç, Togay Müderris, Fatih Yılmaz, Görkem Atsal, Hayal Boyacıoğlu, Özgür Özdemir Şimşek, Enver Altaş. Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss: etiology, prognostic factors and treatment. EJM. 2022 Jun. 1;61(2):225-31. doi:10.19161/etd.1126855