Kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme

S Savaş; F Akçiçek

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Kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme

Öz

Tüm dünyada 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlı nüfus giderek artmakta, toplumların yaşlanması ile sağlık hizmetlerinin yaşlı nüfus tarafından kullanımı da artmaktadır. Yaşlı hastanın sağlık durumunun bir bütün olarak değerlendirilmesi, geriatrik değerlendirme ile mümkün olur. Sağlıklı olma durumu, bazıları tıbbi olmak üzere pek çok faktörün etkileşimi ile ortaya çıkan bir sonuçtur. Geriatrik hasta psikolojik, sosyoekonomik, ailesel ve toplum sağlığı açılarından farklı bir yaş grubudur; fonksiyonel kapasitede azalmalar ve kayıplar olmaktadır. Organ sistemlerinde meydana gelen fizyolojik değişiklikler sonucu oluşan yaşlanma ile hastalıklara bağlı bulgular birbirinden ayrılmalıdır. Hastalıklar sık ve atipik seyirlidir. Bu nedenle tam bir fonksiyonel değerlendirme, geleneksel tıbbi değerlendirmeden daha bütüncüldür. Bu değerlendirmenin esas amacı fonksiyonel durumu korumak veya geliştirmektir. Kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme; uygun hastaların taranması, değerlendirmenin ardından önerilerin geliştirilmesi, hekim ve hastanın hemfikir olduğu önerilerin uygulanması şeklinde üç basamaklıdır. Değerlendirmede sıklıkla skalalar kullanılır ve interdisipliner ekip ön plandadır. Geriatrik değerlendirmenin bileşenleri; bilişsel fonksiyonlar, duygudurum, fonksiyonel durum, beslenme, mobilite, inkontinans, görme, işitme, bakıcı yükü, sosyal destek ve fiziksel çevredir. Sonuçlar gelecekteki karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmelerde, tanıda, tedavi izleminde, prognostik bilgi olarak ve ileriye yönelik planlama sürecinde kullanılır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Comprehensive geriatric assessment

Abstract

The geriatric population is composed of people aging 65 years and over and is growing throughout the world. The increase in the utilization of health services by the elderly correlates directly with the population aging. Geriatric assessment refers to an overall evaluation of the health status of the elderly patient. The well-being is the result of the interactions among a number of factors, some of which are medical. Geriatric patients differ from adult patients in terms of psychological and socioeconomical aspects as well as familial situation and community health. They have functional decline and losses. Comorbidity is frequent and diseases occur atypically. Functional assessment is more holistic than the traditional medical evaluation. The ultimate goal of evaluation is to improve or maintain function. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is a three-step process:(1) screening appropriate patients; (2) assessment and development of recommendations; (3) implementation of recommendations, including physician and patient adherence. Geriatric assessment is interdisciplinary and instruments (i.e. scales) are used frequently. The components of geriatric assessment include the evaluation of cognitive function, affective disorders, sensory impairment, functional status, nutrition, mobility, social support, physical environment and caregiver burden. The results may be used for making diagnoses, monitoring the course of treatment, providing prognostic information, performing future comparisons and planning future directives.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

S Savaş ^*
0000-0003-4836-3786
Türkiye

F Akçiçek
0000-0003-2583-4709
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 30, 2010

Submission Date

July 12, 2010

Acceptance Date

August 23, 2010

Published in Issue

Year 2010 Volume: 49 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA97DY73PF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

Vancouver

1.S Savaş, F Akçiçek. Kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme. EJM [Internet]. 2010 Sep. 1;49(3):19-30. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA97DY73PF