Bir mevsimsel influenza epidemisi deneyimi

Bedia Mutay Suntur; Hava Kaya; Ferit Kuşcu

doi:10.19161/etd.414458

EN TR

Experience of a seasonal influenza epidemic

Abstract

Aim: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses which circulate in all parts of the world. Patients infected with influenza can develop complications that result in hospitalization and death. In this study, it has been aimed to interpret the clinical, virologic findings and risk factors for severe illness of the patients during 2015- 2016 influenza epidemic.

Materials and Methods: The hospitalised 284 patients diagnosed with Influenza like illness during 2015-2016 influenza season, were evaluated retrospectively. Nasopharynegeal swab samples were tested for 21 different virus by PCR in Public Health Laboratory.

Results: Of the 284 patients hospitalized with the diagnose of Influenza like-illness, 134 (47.2%) were male; 150 (52.8%) were female and the median age was 31.4 (0-91) years. Clinical influenza diagnose was confirmed virologically in 175 patients. Influenza virus distribution was H1N1 in 136 (78%) patients, H3N2 in 30 patients and Influenza B in 9 (5%) patients. Clinical and/or radiological findings consistent with pneumonia were present in 97 (71.3%) of H1N1 cases, 15 (50%) of H3N2 cases and 4 (44.4%) of Influenza B cases. Mortality was statistically significantly higher in elderly (≥65 years) patients (p=0.007).

Conclusion: Beside the sentinel surveillance which is conducted in the first-level health facilities, national hospital based surveillance practices will contribute both to follow-up the influenza activity and to determine the real disease burden. Collected data will play an important role in developing both disease control measures and national vaccination policies

Keywords

Seasonal influenza,hospital-based surveillance,pneumonia.

Bir mevsimsel influenza epidemisi deneyimi

Öz

Amaç: Grip, dünyanın bütün bölgelerinde görülebilen, influenza virüsünün neden olduğu bir akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonudur. İnfluenza ile enfekte olan hastalarda, hastaneye yatışı gerektiren ve ölüme yol açabilen komplikasyonlar gelişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2015-2016 sezonundaki influenza epidemisi sırasında hastaların klinik ve virolojik bulgularının ve ağır hastalık açısından risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: İnfluenza benzeri hastalık tanısıyla, 2015-2016 influenza sezonunda hastanemizde yatırılarak takip edilen 284 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Nazofarengeal sürüntü örnekleri, Halk Sağlığı Laboratuvarında 21 farklı virüs açısından PCR ile test edildi.

Bulgular: İnfluenza benzeri hastalık tanısı ile yatırılarak takip edilen 284 hastanın 134’ü (%47.2) erkek, 150’si (%52.8) kadın ve yaş ortalaması 31.4 yıl (0-91) idi. İnfluenza tanısı 175 (%62) hastada virolojik olarak doğrulandı. İnfluenza virüslerinin 136’sı (%78) H1N1; 30’u (%17) H3N2; dokuzu (%5) ise influenza B virüsü idi. H1N1 saptanan olguların 97’sinde (%71.3); H3N2 saptanan olguların 15’inde (%50); İnfluenza B saptananların dördünde (%44.4) pnömoni ile uyumlu klinik ve/veya radyolojik bulgular mevcuttu. İleri yaştaki (≥65 yaş) hastalarda mortalite istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0.007).

Sonuç: Birinci basamak sağlık kurumları ile yürütülen sentinel sürveyansın yanında ulusal hastane bazlı sürveyansın yapılıyor olması hem influenza aktivitesinin izlenmesine hem de gerçek hastalık yükünün belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Toplanan veriler hastalık kontrol önlemlerinin ve ulusal aşı politikalarının şekillenmesinde önemli rol oynayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mevsimsel influenza,hastane bazlı sürveyans,pnömoni

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