The clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts in comparison to comorbid and immunocompetent patients: retrospective study of 384 cases

Ziya Karimov; Gunay Huseynova; Hakan Kiriş; Cansu Tongel; Aynur Aliyeva; Nur Soyer; Nigar Abdullayeva; Ömer Selim Unat; Abdullah Sayiner; Ozen Kacmaz Basoglu; Mehmet Sezai Taşbakan

doi:10.19161/etd.1256543

EN TR

The clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts in comparison to comorbid and immunocompetent patients: retrospective study of 384 cases

Abstract

Objective: Immunocompromised hosts (ICH) are at a higher risk of severe infections and mortality. This study aimed to examine the clinical manifestations and outcomes of ICH who were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19. Method: A total of 384 patients (mean age 61.515.9 y, 168 female) who were hospitalized between March 2020 and December 2020 were included in the study. These patients were examined in three groups: the ICH (n=40), comorbid patients (n=101), and the control group comprising immunocompetent patients without any comorbidities (n=243). All clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the electronic hospital records and compared between the three groups retrospectively. Results: The mean age was 61.215.0 for ICH, 66.112.3 for comorbid, and 59.617.0 for control groups (p=0.003). We found that the mean leukocyte and neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and D-Dimer levels were significantly higher and the albumin level was lower in ICH compared to the other two groups (p<0.05). On CT scans, ground-glass opacities were seen less frequently in ICH compared to the other groups (p=0.035). The mortality rate was 32.5% in the ICH, 22.8% in the comorbid, and 15.2% in the control groups (p=0.019). Within the ICH group, the mean leukocyte and neutrophil counts and LDH levels were higher and the SpO2/FiO₂ ratio was lower in patients who died (p<0.05). Conclusion: We found that had higher mortality in ICH with COVID-19. Being ICH condition, elder age, elevated LDH levels, and decreased Sat/FiO2 were associated with increased mortality.

Keywords

Bağışıklığı baskılanmış hastalarda COVİD-19'un klinik prezentasyonu ve sonuçları, komorbid ve sağlıklı hastalarla kıyaslama: 384 olgunun retrospektif araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bağışıklığı baskılanmış hastalar (BBH) ciddi enfeksiyonlar ve mortalite için yüksek risk taşırlar. Bu çalışma COVİD-19 nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan BBH’da klinik seyrin ve sonuçların incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Mart 2020 ve Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında hastaneye kaldırılan 384 hasta (ortalama yaş 61.5±15.9, 168 kadın) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu hastalar 3 gruba ayrıldı: BBH (n=40), komorbid hastalar (n=101) ve kontrol grubu olarak immünkompetan hastalar (n=243). Tüm klinik ve laboratuvar verileri elektronik hasta dosyasından alındı ve üç grup karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Ortalama yaş bağışıklığı baskılanmış hastalar için 61.2±15.0, komorbid hastalar için 66.1±12.3, kontrol grubu için 59.6±17.0 olarak hesaplandı. BBH grubunda diğer iki grup ile kıyaslandığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde ortalama lökosit ve nötrofil sayısı, C-reaktif protein, ferritin ve D-Dimer düzeylerinin artmış olduğu, albümin seviyelerinin ise azalmış olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Toraks BT incelemelerinde buzlu cam alanları BBH’da diğer hastalarla kıyaslandığında daha az gözlemlenmiştir (p=0.035). Mortalite oranları BBH grubu için %32.5, komorbid hastalar için %22.8 ve kontrol grubu için %15.2 olarak gözlemlenmiştir (p=0.019). BBH grubunda ölen hastalarda, ortalama lökosit ve nötrofil sayısı ve LDH düzeyleri yüksek iken, SpO2/FiO2 oranı düşük olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: COVİD-19’lu bağışıklığı baskılanmış hastalarda mortalite oranı daha fazla olarak bulunmuştur. Bağışıklığı baskılanmış olmak, ileri yaş, artmış LDH düzeyleri ve azalmış Sat/FiO2 düzeylerinin mortalite ile ilişkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Ziya Karimov ^*
0000-0001-7237-4878
Türkiye

Gunay Huseynova
0000-0001-5612-3657
Türkiye

Hakan Kiriş
0000-0002-7767-0665
Türkiye

Cansu Tongel
0000-0001-7725-3258
Türkiye

Aynur Aliyeva
0000-0001-9398-4261
Türkiye

Nur Soyer
0000-0002-7722-506X
Türkiye

Nigar Abdullayeva
0000-0002-7647-1197
Türkiye

Ömer Selim Unat
0000-0002-5708-2233
Türkiye

Abdullah Sayiner
0000-0002-6788-9727
Türkiye

Ozen Kacmaz Basoglu
0000-0001-8168-6611
Türkiye

Mehmet Sezai Taşbakan
0000-0003-4507-9851
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

10 Haziran 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Mart 2023

Kabul Tarihi

16 Ekim 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 1970 Cilt: 63 Sayı: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1256543

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA34YJ45TG

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

Vancouver

1.Ziya Karimov, Gunay Huseynova, Hakan Kiriş, Cansu Tongel, Aynur Aliyeva, Nur Soyer, Nigar Abdullayeva, Ömer Selim Unat, Abdullah Sayiner, Ozen Kacmaz Basoglu, Mehmet Sezai Taşbakan. The clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts in comparison to comorbid and immunocompetent patients: retrospective study of 384 cases. ETD. 01 Haziran 2024;63(2):192-8. doi:10.19161/etd.1256543