Araştırma Makalesi

Polyphenol-rich pimenta dioica extract induces mitochondrial apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells

Cilt: 65 Sayı: 1 9 Mart 2026
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Polyphenol-rich pimenta dioica extract induces mitochondrial apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells

Abstract

Aim: Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy, accounting for more deaths than any other female reproductive cancer. Standard chemotherapy often fails over time due to chemoresistance and toxic side effects, resulting in poor five-year survival rates under 40%. There exists an increasing scholarly interest in phytochemicals as potential anticancer agents, attributable to their multifaceted mechanisms of action and comparatively reduced toxicity profiles. Pimenta dioica (allspice) berries are rich in antioxidants and contain bioactive compounds such as eugenol and gallic acid with reported antiproliferative properties. However, their effects in ovarian cancer remain underexplored. Materials and Methods: P. dioica extract was evaluated on human ovarian adenocarcinoma OVCAR-3 cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by WST-1 viability assays across a 12.5-200 µg/mL dose range (48-72 h exposure) to determine IC₅₀ values. Apoptosis induction was analyzed by Annexin V-FITC /PI via flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis related genes (BAX, BCL-2, CASP3, CASP9 and TP53) was quantified by qRT-PCR. Results: P. dioica extract inhibited OVCAR-3 cell viability in dose and time dependent manner (p<0.05). The 72 h IC₅₀ was 92 µg/mL, indicating moderate cytotoxic activity. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of pro-apoptotic mediators (BAX, CASP3, CASP9, TP53) and concomitant downregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 (p<0.05). Conclusion: P. dioica extract exerts cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic influences on ovarian cancer cells. These findings suggest that allspice-derived phytochemicals trigger apoptosis pathways in OVCAR-3 cells, supporting their potential as natural anti-cancer agents. Subsequent in vivo investigations and the isolation of phytochemicals are imperative to advance the development of adjuvant therapies utilizing P. dioica or chemopreventive strategies for ovarian cancer

Keywords

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tıbbi Genetik (Kanser Genetiği hariç)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

9 Mart 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

4 Kasım 2025

Kabul Tarihi

16 Kasım 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 65 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver
1.Duygu Aygunes Jafarı. Polyphenol-rich pimenta dioica extract induces mitochondrial apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. ETD. 01 Mart 2026;65(1):91-8. doi:10.19161/etd.1817431

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