Research Article

FoxM1 inhibition by Thiostrepton downregulates DNA damage response genes, enhancing sensitivity of breast cancer cells to therapy

Volume: 64 Number: 2 June 10, 2025
EN TR

FoxM1 inhibition by Thiostrepton downregulates DNA damage response genes, enhancing sensitivity of breast cancer cells to therapy

Abstract

Aim: Chemotherapy resistance, often linked to the development of resistance against genotoxic agents, is a major obstacle in cancer treatment. FoxM1, a transcription factor frequently overexpressed in malignancies such as breast cancer, is strongly associated with genotoxic therapy resistance. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of thiostrepton (THIO), a FoxM1 inhibitor, on the DNA damage response in HUVEC cells (non-malignant) and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (malignant) Materials and Methods: THIO's impact on cell viability were evaluated in both cell lines using the MTT assay. Oxidative DNA damage levels were measured with the 8-OHdG kit, and apoptosis was assessed using the Caspase 3 ELISA kit. The expression levels of DNA damage response genes (BRCA-1, DNAPKC, FOXM1, RAD51, MRE11 and XRCC1) were analyzed by RT-PCR. Results: MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited greater sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of THIO than HUVEC cells. In HUVEC cells, THIO caused a significant increase in oxidative DNA damage, whereas no such effect was observed in MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Conversely, breast cancer cells showed a significant increase in Caspase 3 levels. RT-PCR results revealed a marked downregulation of DNA damage response genes, particularly BRCA-1, DNAPKC, MRE11, FOXM1, and XRCC1, in both cell types. Conclusion: THIO has been shown to inhibit FoxM1 expression and downregulate DNA damage response genes in both malignant and non-malignant cells, demonstrating its potential to enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to therapy by disrupting DNA repair pathways. However, its potential to induce oxidative damage in non-malignant cells underscores the need for further comprehensive studies to validate its therapeutic efficacy and assess its safety in normal tissues.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Giresun University

Project Number

SAĞ-BAP-A-250620-65

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Cancer Cell Biology , Molecular Targets

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 10, 2025

Submission Date

December 18, 2024

Acceptance Date

January 24, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 64 Number: 2

Vancouver
1.Funda Demırtaş Korkmaz, Zekeriya Düzgün, Fadime Mutlu İçduygu. FoxM1 inhibition by Thiostrepton downregulates DNA damage response genes, enhancing sensitivity of breast cancer cells to therapy. EJM. 2025 Jun. 1;64(2):223-30. doi:10.19161/etd.1603178

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