Research Article

Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization

Volume: 65 Number: 3 September 3, 2026
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Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization

Abstract

Aim: The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective arterial embolization (SAE) for renal angiomyolipoma (rAML). Material and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with rAML who underwent SAE between February 2009 and December 2022. The primary outcome was procedural success, defined as cessation of bleeding and reduction in tumor size. Secondary outcomes included complication rates, changes in symptoms, and the need for reintervention. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess reintervention-free survival. Results: A total of 42 patients with 62 rAMLs were included, with a mean age of 43.9 ± 12.2 years (range: 23–68). The majority were female (80.9%, n = 34), and 18.1% (n = 8) had TSC-associated rAML. TSC-associated cases presented at a younger age and had Table 2/Results give volume p=0.007, not 0.002 (0.002 is for size)., lower hemoglobin levels (p = 0.02), and higher creatinine levels (p = 0.05) compared to sporadic rAML cases. SAE achieved a 100% technical success rate. The mean hospitalization duration was 4.16 ± 4.04 days, and no major complications were observed. The mean follow-up period was 35.27 ± 37.67 months. During follow-up, 6 patients (14.3%) required reintervention, including 4 re-embolizations and 2 surgical procedures. The overall Kaplan-Meier estimate of freedom from reintervention at 4.6 years was 68%, with significantly higher reintervention rates in TSC-associated cases (p = 0.04). When comparing embolization techniques, optimal embolization (coils + polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] particles) resulted. This p-value (0.049) is a between-group baseline volume comparison not a volume-reduction. Can you please write ‘significantly greater baseline volume (p = 0.049). In contrast, non-optimal embolization (coils or PVA alone) p=0.059 is not significant at your stated α=0.05 — 'less significant' implies it is. Please write: 'did not reach statistical significance reduction in maximum lesion diameter (p = 0.059). Despite this, there was no significant difference in pre- and post-procedure laboratory parameters between the two embolization groups, except for lesion volume. Conclusions: SAE is effective for managing rAMLs, with high technical success and acceptable re-intervention rates. Optimal embolization plays a pivotal role in enhancing treatment efficacy.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethics Committee of Ege University Faculty of Medicine

Project Number

24-1T/22

Ethical Statement

Declarations Ethics Approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Ege University Faculty of Medicine (Date: 07.10.2024 Application no: 2024-3596; Decision No: 24-1T/22). Consent to Participate: The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Ege University Faculty of Medicine due to the retrospective nature of the study. Funding: The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Radiology and Organ Imaging

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Umut Deniz Pak
0009-0001-0400-3925
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 3, 2026

Submission Date

May 16, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 29, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 65 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1890963

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA34NC74BU

Cite

RIS / Bibtex
APA
Küsbeci, M., Elek, A., Kıran, F., Pak, U. D., Öztürk, E., Cinar, C., & Oran, İ. (2026). Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization. Ege Tıp Dergisi, 65(3), 538-546. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1890963
AMA
1.Küsbeci M, Elek A, Kıran F, et al. Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization. EJM. 2026;65(3):538-546. doi:10.19161/etd.1890963
Chicago
Küsbeci, Mahmut, Alperen Elek, Ferhat Kıran, et al. 2026. “Selective Arterial Embolization for Renal Angiomyolipoma: The Role of Optimal Embolization”. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65 (3): 538-46. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1890963.
EndNote
Küsbeci M, Elek A, Kıran F, Pak UD, Öztürk E, Cinar C, Oran İ (September 1, 2026) Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65 3 538–546.
IEEE
[1]M. Küsbeci et al., “Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization”, EJM, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 538–546, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.19161/etd.1890963.
ISNAD
Küsbeci, Mahmut - Elek, Alperen - Kıran, Ferhat - Pak, Umut Deniz - Öztürk, Egemen - Cinar, Celal - Oran, İsmail. “Selective Arterial Embolization for Renal Angiomyolipoma: The Role of Optimal Embolization”. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65/3 (September 1, 2026): 538-546. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1890963.
JAMA
1.Küsbeci M, Elek A, Kıran F, Pak UD, Öztürk E, Cinar C, Oran İ. Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization. EJM. 2026;65:538–546.
MLA
Küsbeci, Mahmut, et al. “Selective Arterial Embolization for Renal Angiomyolipoma: The Role of Optimal Embolization”. Ege Tıp Dergisi, vol. 65, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 538-46, doi:10.19161/etd.1890963.
Vancouver
1.Mahmut Küsbeci, Alperen Elek, Ferhat Kıran, Umut Deniz Pak, Egemen Öztürk, Celal Cinar, İsmail Oran. Selective arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma: The role of optimal embolization. EJM. 2026 Sep. 1;65(3):538-46. doi:10.19161/etd.1890963

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