Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer

Esma Uğuztemur; Mustafa Özgür Arıcı

doi:10.19161/etd.1910511

TR EN

Erken başlangıçlı gastrik kanserde sağkalımın fonksiyonel, nutrisyonel ve inflamatuvar belirleyicileri

Abstract

Amaç: Erken başlangıçlı gastrik kanser (EOGC), agresif klinikopatolojik özelliklere sahip ayrı bir alt grup olarak kabul edilmektedir; ancak genç hastalarda prognostik veriler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 50 yaş ve altındaki gastrik kanser hastalarında klinikopatolojik özellikleri değerlendirmek ve sağkalımı etkileyen prognostik faktörleri belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif, tek merkezli çalışmaya 2014 ile 2024 tarihleri arasında gastrik kanser tanısı alan 50 yaş ve altındaki toplam 60 hasta dahil edildi. Sağkalım sonuçları Kaplan–Meier yöntemi ile analiz edildi ve prognostik faktörler Cox regresyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Medyan yaş 40,9 yıl olup hastaların %51,7’si kadındı. Diffüz veya taşlı yüzük hücreli histoloji ve ileri evre hastalık sıklıkla gözlendi. Medyan progresyonsuz sağkalım (PFS) ve genel sağkalım (OS) sırasıyla 19,3 ve 26,0 ay olarak bulundu. Taşlı yüzük hücreli histoloji, düşük Prognostik Nütrisyonel İndeks (PNI) ve yüksek trombosit-lenfosit oranı (PLR) daha kısa progresyonsuz sağkalım ile ilişkiliydi. Genel sağkalım için yapılan tek değişkenli analizde kötü ECOG performans durumu, düşük PNI, ileri evre ve total gastrektomi daha kötü sağkalım ile ilişkiliydi. Çok değişkenli analizde ECOG performans durumu 3 ve yüksek PLR mortalitenin bağımsız belirleyicileri olarak saptandı. Sonuç: EBGK sıklıkla ileri evrede ve olumsuz klinik sonuçlarla ortaya çıkmaktadır. Fonksiyonel durum, nutrisyonel durum ve sistemik inflamatuvar belirteçler gibi tümöre ve konağa ait faktörler prognozun belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamakta ve genç hastalarda risk sınıflamasının iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmanın etik onayı, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’ndan alınmıştır (14 Ekim 2025; onay numarası: 2025/8-1). Çalışmanın retrospektif niteliği nedeniyle bilgilendirilmiş onam alınması gerekliliği kaldırılmıştır. Çalışma, Helsinki Bildirgesi ilkelerine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür.

Thanks

Yazarlar, istatistiksel analiz konusundaki desteği için Mine Kaya’ya teşekkür eder.

Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer

Abstract

Aim: Early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) represents a distinct subgroup with aggressive clinicopathological features; however, prognostic data in younger patients remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics and identify prognostic factors associated with survival in patients aged ≤ 50 years with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients aged ≤ 50 years diagnosed with gastric cancer between 2014 and 2024 were included in this retrospective single-center study. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and prognostic factors were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: The median age was 40.9 years, and 51.7% of patients were female. Diffuse or signet-ring cell histology and advanced-stage disease were frequently observed. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 19.3 and 26.0 months, respectively. Signet-ring cell histology, low Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were associated with shorter PFS. In univariate analysis, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), low PNI, advanced stage, and total gastrectomy were associated with inferior survival. In multivariate analysis, ECOG PS 3 and elevated PLR independently predicted mortality. Conclusions: EOGC commonly presents with advanced disease and unfavorable outcomes. Both tumor-related factors and host-related parameters—including functional status, nutritional condition, and systemic inflammatory markers—play an important role in determining prognosis and may improve risk stratification in younger patients.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Adiyaman University Ethics Committee (October 14, 2025; approval number: 2025/8-1). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Thanks

“The authors would like to thank Mine Kaya for her support with statistical analysis.”

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Clinical Oncology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Esma Uğuztemur ^*
0000-0003-1822-3870
Türkiye

Mustafa Özgür Arıcı
0000-0001-9821-6368
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 3, 2026

Submission Date

March 17, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 24, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 65 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1910511

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA65JU68XT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Uğuztemur, E., & Arıcı, M. Ö. (2026). Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer. Ege Tıp Dergisi, 65(3), 441-452. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1910511

AMA

1.Uğuztemur E, Arıcı MÖ. Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer. EJM. 2026;65(3):441-452. doi:10.19161/etd.1910511

Chicago

Uğuztemur, Esma, and Mustafa Özgür Arıcı. 2026. “Functional, Nutritional, and Inflammatory Predictors of Survival in Early-Onset Gastric Cancer”. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65 (3): 441-52. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1910511.

EndNote

Uğuztemur E, Arıcı MÖ (September 1, 2026) Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65 3 441–452.

IEEE

[1]E. Uğuztemur and M. Ö. Arıcı, “Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer”, EJM, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 441–452, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.19161/etd.1910511.

ISNAD

Uğuztemur, Esma - Arıcı, Mustafa Özgür. “Functional, Nutritional, and Inflammatory Predictors of Survival in Early-Onset Gastric Cancer”. Ege Tıp Dergisi 65/3 (September 1, 2026): 441-452. https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1910511.

JAMA

1.Uğuztemur E, Arıcı MÖ. Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer. EJM. 2026;65:441–452.

MLA

Uğuztemur, Esma, and Mustafa Özgür Arıcı. “Functional, Nutritional, and Inflammatory Predictors of Survival in Early-Onset Gastric Cancer”. Ege Tıp Dergisi, vol. 65, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 441-52, doi:10.19161/etd.1910511.

Vancouver

1.Esma Uğuztemur, Mustafa Özgür Arıcı. Functional, nutritional, and inflammatory predictors of survival in early-onset gastric cancer. EJM. 2026 Sep. 1;65(3):441-52. doi:10.19161/etd.1910511