Öz
Aim: The precise mechanism underlying autoimmune thyroiditis is still unclear. The female preponderance suggests the role of estrogens in autoimmunity, and there is strong evidence about this role. Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used endocrine disruptor, may have estrogenic effects and affect autoimmunity through estrogenic and non-estrogenic mechanisms. We aimed to determine the relationship between serum BPA levels and thyroid autoimmunity.
Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional case-control study involving 143 autoimmune thyroiditis patients and 95 age-matched healthy controls. Serum BPA levels were measured using ELISA method.
Results: BPA levels were not significantly different between autoimmune thyroiditis and control groups. The percentage of antibody-positive patients, thyroid function, thyroid antibody levels, or BMI were not different between BPA quartiles. Also, there was no correlation between BPA levels and thyroid autoantibody levels.
Conclusion: Serum BPA levels were not significantly different in autoimmune thyroiditis. Also, we could not show any relationship between BPA, thyroid function tests, and thyroid antibody levels.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
2014-TIP-029
Kaynakça
- Bonds RS, Midoro-Horiuti T. Estrogen effects in allergy and asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;13(1):92-9.
- Moulton VR. Sex Hormones in Acquired Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2279.
- Vandenberg LN, Hauser R, Marcus M, Olea N, Welshons WV. Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Reprod Toxicol. 2007;24(2):139-77.
- Vandenberg LN, Chahoud I, Heindel JJ, Padmanabhan V, Paumgartten FJ, Schoenfelder G. Urinary, circulating, and tissue biomonitoring studies indicate widespread exposure to bisphenol A. Cien Saude Colet. 2012;17(2):407-34.
- Hiroi H, Tsutsumi O, Momoeda M, Takai Y, Osuga Y, Taketani Y. Differential interactions of bisphenol A and 17beta-estradiol with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and ERbeta. Endocr J. 1999;46(6):773-8.
- Kharrazian D. The Potential Roles of Bisphenol A (BPA) Pathogenesis in Autoimmunity. Autoimmune Dis. 2014;2014:743616.
- Chailurkit LO, Aekplakorn W, Ongphiphadhanakul B. The Association of Serum Bisphenol A with Thyroid Autoimmunity. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(11).
- Choi S, Kim MJ, Park YJ, Kim S, Choi K, Cheon GJ, et al. Thyroxine-binding globulin, peripheral deiodinase activity, and thyroid autoantibody status in association of phthalates and phenolic compounds with thyroid hormones in adult population. Environ Int. 2020;140:105783.
- Yuan N, Sun J, Zhao X, Li W. Relationship between bisphenol A and autoimmune thyroid disease in women of childbearing age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1333915.
- Fukata H, Miyagawa H, Yamazaki N, Mori C. Comparison of Elisa- and LC-MS-Based Methodologies for the Exposure Assessment of Bisphenol A. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2006;16(8):427-30.
- Teeguarden J, Hanson-Drury S, Fisher JW, Doerge DR. Are typical human serum BPA concentrations measurable and sufficient to be estrogenic in the general population? Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;62:949-63.
- Beydoun HA, Khanal S, Zonderman AB, Beydoun MA. Sex differences in the association of urinary bisphenol- A concentration with selected indices of glucose homeostasis among U.S. adults. Ann Epidemiol. 2014;24(2):90-7.
- Teeguarden JG, Calafat AM, Ye X, Doerge DR, Churchwell MI, Gunawan R, et al. Twenty-four hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol a during high-dietary exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011;123(1):48-57.
- Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, et al. Comparative study of the endocrine- disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci. 2005;84(2):249-59.
- Moriyama K, Tagami T, Akamizu T, Usui T, Saijo M, Kanamoto N, et al. Thyroid hormone action is disrupted by bisphenol A as an antagonist. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(11):5185-90.
- Zoeller RT, Bansal R, Parris C. Bisphenol-A, an environmental contaminant that acts as a thyroid hormone receptor antagonist in vitro, increases serum thyroxine, and alters RC3/neurogranin expression in the developing rat brain. Endocrinology. 2005;146(2):607-12.
- Lee S, Kim C, Youn H, Choi K. Thyroid hormone disrupting potentials of bisphenol A and its analogues - in vitro comparison study employing rat pituitary (GH3) and thyroid follicular (FRTL-5) cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017;40:297-304.
- Yuan S, Du X, Liu H, Guo X, Zhang B, Wang Y, et al. Association between bisphenol A exposure and thyroid dysfunction in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Toxicol Ind Health. 2023;39(4):188-203.
- Jang Y, Choi YJ, Lim YH, Lee KS, Kim BN, Shin CH, et al. Associations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A, F, and S in 6-Year-old Children in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):37-45.
- Yue B, Ning S, Miao H, Fang C, Li J, Zhang L, et al. Human exposure to a mixture of endocrine disruptors and serum levels of thyroid hormones: A cross-sectional study. J Environ Sci (China). 2023;125:641-9.
- Milczarek-Banach J, Rachon D, Bednarczuk T, Mysliwiec-Czajka K, Wasik A, Miskiewicz P. Exposure to Bisphenol A Analogs and the Thyroid Function and Volume in Women of Reproductive Age-Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:587252.
Öz
Amaç: Otoimmün tiroiditin altında yatan kesin mekanizma hala belirsizdir. Kadınların baskın olması, östrojenlerin otoimmünitedeki rolünü düşündürmektedir ve bu rol hakkında güçlü kanıtlar bulunmaktadır. Yaygın olarak kullanılan bir endokrin bozucu olan Bisfenol A (BPA), östrojenik etkilere sahip olabilir ve östrojenik ve östrojenik olmayan mekanizmalar aracılığıyla otoimmüniteyi etkileyebilir. Serum BPA düzeyleri ile tiroid otoimmünitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 143 otoimmün tiroidit hastası ve 95 yaş eşleştirilmiş sağlıklı kontrol içeren kesitsel bir olgu-kontrol çalışması gerçekleştirdik. Serum BPA düzeyleri ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak ölçüldü.
Bulgular: BPA düzeyleri otoimmün tiroidit ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı ölçüde farklı değildi. Antikor pozitif hastaların yüzdesi, tiroid fonksiyonu, tiroid antikor düzeyleri veya BKİ açısından BPA dörtlükleri arasında fark saptanmadı. Ayrıca, BPA düzeyleri ile tiroid oto antikor düzeyleri arasında bir korelasyon yoktu.
Sonuç: Serum BPA düzeyleri otoimmün tiroiditte önemli ölçüde farklı değildi. Ayrıca, BPA, tiroid fonksiyon testleri ve tiroid antikor düzeyleri arasında herhangi bir ilişki gösteremedik.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
Ege Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri : 2014-TIP-029
Proje Numarası
2014-TIP-029
Kaynakça
- Bonds RS, Midoro-Horiuti T. Estrogen effects in allergy and asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;13(1):92-9.
- Moulton VR. Sex Hormones in Acquired Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2279.
- Vandenberg LN, Hauser R, Marcus M, Olea N, Welshons WV. Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Reprod Toxicol. 2007;24(2):139-77.
- Vandenberg LN, Chahoud I, Heindel JJ, Padmanabhan V, Paumgartten FJ, Schoenfelder G. Urinary, circulating, and tissue biomonitoring studies indicate widespread exposure to bisphenol A. Cien Saude Colet. 2012;17(2):407-34.
- Hiroi H, Tsutsumi O, Momoeda M, Takai Y, Osuga Y, Taketani Y. Differential interactions of bisphenol A and 17beta-estradiol with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and ERbeta. Endocr J. 1999;46(6):773-8.
- Kharrazian D. The Potential Roles of Bisphenol A (BPA) Pathogenesis in Autoimmunity. Autoimmune Dis. 2014;2014:743616.
- Chailurkit LO, Aekplakorn W, Ongphiphadhanakul B. The Association of Serum Bisphenol A with Thyroid Autoimmunity. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(11).
- Choi S, Kim MJ, Park YJ, Kim S, Choi K, Cheon GJ, et al. Thyroxine-binding globulin, peripheral deiodinase activity, and thyroid autoantibody status in association of phthalates and phenolic compounds with thyroid hormones in adult population. Environ Int. 2020;140:105783.
- Yuan N, Sun J, Zhao X, Li W. Relationship between bisphenol A and autoimmune thyroid disease in women of childbearing age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1333915.
- Fukata H, Miyagawa H, Yamazaki N, Mori C. Comparison of Elisa- and LC-MS-Based Methodologies for the Exposure Assessment of Bisphenol A. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2006;16(8):427-30.
- Teeguarden J, Hanson-Drury S, Fisher JW, Doerge DR. Are typical human serum BPA concentrations measurable and sufficient to be estrogenic in the general population? Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;62:949-63.
- Beydoun HA, Khanal S, Zonderman AB, Beydoun MA. Sex differences in the association of urinary bisphenol- A concentration with selected indices of glucose homeostasis among U.S. adults. Ann Epidemiol. 2014;24(2):90-7.
- Teeguarden JG, Calafat AM, Ye X, Doerge DR, Churchwell MI, Gunawan R, et al. Twenty-four hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol a during high-dietary exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011;123(1):48-57.
- Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, et al. Comparative study of the endocrine- disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci. 2005;84(2):249-59.
- Moriyama K, Tagami T, Akamizu T, Usui T, Saijo M, Kanamoto N, et al. Thyroid hormone action is disrupted by bisphenol A as an antagonist. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(11):5185-90.
- Zoeller RT, Bansal R, Parris C. Bisphenol-A, an environmental contaminant that acts as a thyroid hormone receptor antagonist in vitro, increases serum thyroxine, and alters RC3/neurogranin expression in the developing rat brain. Endocrinology. 2005;146(2):607-12.
- Lee S, Kim C, Youn H, Choi K. Thyroid hormone disrupting potentials of bisphenol A and its analogues - in vitro comparison study employing rat pituitary (GH3) and thyroid follicular (FRTL-5) cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017;40:297-304.
- Yuan S, Du X, Liu H, Guo X, Zhang B, Wang Y, et al. Association between bisphenol A exposure and thyroid dysfunction in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Toxicol Ind Health. 2023;39(4):188-203.
- Jang Y, Choi YJ, Lim YH, Lee KS, Kim BN, Shin CH, et al. Associations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A, F, and S in 6-Year-old Children in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):37-45.
- Yue B, Ning S, Miao H, Fang C, Li J, Zhang L, et al. Human exposure to a mixture of endocrine disruptors and serum levels of thyroid hormones: A cross-sectional study. J Environ Sci (China). 2023;125:641-9.
- Milczarek-Banach J, Rachon D, Bednarczuk T, Mysliwiec-Czajka K, Wasik A, Miskiewicz P. Exposure to Bisphenol A Analogs and the Thyroid Function and Volume in Women of Reproductive Age-Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:587252.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Endokrinoloji |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 2014-TIP-029 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Eylül 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 5 Ekim 2024 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 12 Mart 2025 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.19161/etd.1544200 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA52GF82PR |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 64 Sayı: 1 |
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